Idan muna magana game da Linux, dole ne muyi magana game da Ubuntu, mafi mashahuri rarraba Linux. Da yawa sune rikice-rikicen da suka dogara da Ubuntu, sabili da haka, hanyoyin aiwatar da ayyuka, kamar aikace-aikacen cirewa, daidai suke, tsari ne mai sauƙin gaske.
Idan mukayi magana game da rarraba Linux, dole ne kuma muyi magana game da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka masu ban sha'awa kamar su Debian, Fedora, Kali Mint o CentOS don suna mafi mashahuri. Linux distros yawanci ana samun su a sigar biyu: layin umarni (babu zanan hoto) da kuma tsarin tebur (tare da mai kama da Windows)
Ba tare da la’akari da yanayin aikin sa ba, za mu nuna muku a kasa hanyoyi guda biyu don cire shirye-shirye a cikin Ubuntu.
Cire shirin a cikin Ubuntu
Kamar yadda nayi tsokaci a sama, Ubuntu (maimakon Linux), yana ba mu damar musaya biyu da ke ba mu damar ma'amala da tsarin aiki: layin umarni da zane. Idan kun kasance kuna amfani da macOS a kai a kai tsawon shekaru, zaku san cewa yawancin umarnin da ake da su, tsarin aiki na Apple don tebur yana dogara ne (a wani ɓangare) akan Unix, kusan iri ɗaya suke ko kuma suna kama.
Asalin Unix ya koma farkon 70s, wani tsarin aiki wanda aka rubuta gaba daya cikin yaren C wanda yake na kamfanin AT&T ne, wanda ya siyar da lasisi ga jami'oi kuma kadan daga baya ga sauran jama'a. Lambar ba za a iya gyaggyarawa ba tunda ba Buɗe Asali bane, kodayake hakan bai hana nau'uka daban-daban bayyana ba, tare da Free BSD shine mafi mashahuri.
Linux ya fara tafiya a 1983 ta hannun Robert Stallman (kodayake Bai zama sananne ba har zuwa farkon 90s ta hannun Linus Torvalds), wanda ya dogara ne kawai akan aikin Unix, ba akan lambar sa ba da nufin gina tsarin aiki irin na Unix wanda za'a iya rarraba shi kyauta kuma kyauta. Linux yana da tushe, a wani ɓangare, akan MINIX, wani nau'ikan Unix, kodayake duk lambarta an rubutata ne daga farko.
Wani bambanci tsakanin Unix da Linux shine yayin haka An tsara Unix don amfani dashi akan sabobin, Ana nufin amfani da Linux a kan kwamfutocin mutum, wanda ba shi da ƙarfi sosai fiye da sabobin da ake amfani da Unix. A zahiri, Linux shine tsarin aiki wanda zamu iya samu a cikin kayan lantarki da yawa kamar NAS, kyamarorin kulawa har ma a wasu wayoyin hannu.
Tare da zane mai zane (tebur)
- Abu na farko da dole ne muyi shine samun damar Manajan Software o Cibiyar Software (Kowane Linux distro na iya samun suna daban na shi).
- Na gaba, muna neman shirin da muke son cirewa kuma zaɓi shafin An girka / An girka.
- Na gaba, mun zaɓi aikace-aikacen da muke son kawarwa kuma danna maɓallin Cire / Cire.
Tare da layin umarni
Don aiwatar da wannan aikin, muna buƙatar sanin sunan aikace-aikacen cewa muna son kawarwa, tunda dole ne mu rubuta shi kamar yadda yake a kwamfutarmu. Da zarar mun san wannan bayanin, zamu ci gaba kamar haka.
- Da farko, zamu bude console din umarni ta hanyar hadewar mabudi Sarrafa + Alt + D.
- Sannan mu rubuta
- apt-get –purge cire sunan-program
- mun latsa Shigar da muna rubuta kalmar sirri ta mai gudanarwa kuma mun sake latsa Shigar.
Yadda ake girka aikace-aikace a Ubuntu
Tare da zane mai zane (tebur)
Idan sigar Ubuntu (ko wani Linux distro) yana amfani da sigar tebur, hanya don shigar da aikace-aikace daidai yake da na Windows da macOS. Dole ne kawai mu sauke fayil ɗin a baya tare da .dev tsawo kuma danna kan aikace-aikacen don fara aikin shigarwa.
Tare da layin umarni
Ta hanyar layin umarni, zamu iya shigar da kowane aikace-aikace a cikin Ubuntu ta hanyar umarnin:
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- dace-samun shigar sunan shirin (gami da .dev tsawo).
Amfani da hanyar layin umarni, maye gurbin kalmar cirewa (ana amfani da ita don cire aikace-aikace) tare da girkawa.
Mafi kyawun aikace-aikace don Linux
Kodayake akwai aikace-aikace da yawa ban da miƙa sifofin don Windows da macOS, suma akwai don LinuxA cikin wannan tsarin aikin muna da yawancin zaɓuɓɓukan da muke da su waɗanda ba su da komai ko kishi don kishi da sauran tsarin aiki.
Aikace-aikacen multimedia don Linux
- VLC. Mai kunnawa VLC ya bamu damar kunna kowane nau'in abun ciki na multimedia wannan ya isa ga ƙungiyarmu, ba tare da buƙatar shigar da kowane Codec ba.
- Kodi. Yana da wani tushen kayan wasan kwaikwayo na gida wannan yana ba da nishaɗin gida kuma yana dacewa da kowane na'ura. Kayan aiki ne wanda yake tsarawa kuma yake bamu damar kunna bidiyo da kiɗa galibi waɗanda muka adana akan kayan aikinmu, kodayake kuma yana bamu damar samun sabis na yawo.
- Audacity. Idan kuna neman aikace-aikace zuwa yi rikodi da shirya sauti a tsarin dijital, Ba za ku sami mafi kyawun aikace-aikace ba daga wannan.
- xmms. Idan abinda kake so shine rkunna fayilolin mai jiwuwa A kowane nau'i, aikace-aikacen da kuke buƙata kuma hakan zai iya biyan duk bukatun ku shine XMMS.
Shirya / Aikace-aikacen Hoto don Linux
- GIMP. Kamar VLC shine mafi kyawun mai kunna abun ciki na multimedia, idan muna magana game da gyaran hoto, dole ne muyi magana game da GIMP, mafi kyawun kyauta kyauta zuwa Photoshop Kuma wannan a ƙari, ana kuma samun shi don Windows da macOS.
- Inkscape damar mana ƙirƙirar zane-zane da sauri, cikin sauƙi kuma gabaɗaya kyauta.
Abubuwan aiki don Linux
- PDFEdit, Idan kuna aiki kullum tare Fayilolin PDF, aikace-aikacen da kuke buƙata akan kwamfutarka shine PDFEdit, aikace-aikacen da ke bamu damar aiwatar da kowane irin aiki tare da wannan tsarin fayil ɗin Adobe.
- Caliber. Caliber kyakkyawar mai karanta e-littafi ne jituwa tare da kowane nau'i na e-littafi Formats.
- Evince. Evince ne mai Mai duba takardun PDF da PostScript wanda zai bamu damar bude wannan tsari da sauri.
- LibreOffice. Idan muna magana game da software kyauta kuma musamman Linux, dole ne muyi magana game da LibreOffice idan yazo ƙirƙirar kowane daftarin aiki, ko da ya kasance maƙunsar bayanai, bayanai, gabatarwa… Mafi kyawun madadin Microsoft Office don Windows shine LibreOffice.
- NeoFetch. NeoFetch kayan aiki ne wanda ke ba da duk bayanai game da tsarin kamar su yanayin yanayin tebur, sigar kernel, fasalin bash, da taken GTK da ke gudana akan tsarin.
- VMWare. VMWare ya dace don shigar da tsarin aiki da yawa injunan kwalliya ba tare da buƙatar ƙirƙirar ƙarin ɓangarori ba.
- Akwatin Kawai. Wannan aikace-aikacen ƙawancen yana ba mu damar gudanar da wasu tsarukan aiki, ciki har da Windows akan na'ura mai sarrafa Linux.
- Mozilla Thunderbird. Idan kana neman daya kalanda da imel na aikace-aikace don Linux, ya kamata ku ba wa Mozilla Thunderbird gwadawa, kalanda wanda zai ba mu damar gudanar da ayyuka. Ana samun wannan aikace-aikacen don Windows da macOS.
- Stacer. Yana da buɗaɗɗen tushen ingantaccen PC da saka idanu akan aikace-aikacen Linux. Babban kayan aiki ne don sarrafa albarkatun tsarin da kuma bin diddigin ayyukanku.
- Sauna. Idan kana son jin dadin wasanni akan kwamfutarka ta Linux, godiya ga tsarin Steam zaka iya yinta ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Ina tsammanin ba kwa buƙatar tuna hakan duk waɗannan ƙa'idodin suna kyauta ne, godiya ga yanayi da kuma dalilin da yasa aka kirkiri Linux.