Akwai nau'ikan sauyawa da yawa, ɗayansu shine sauyawar ethernet. Na'urar da ake amfani da ita a wasu gidaje waɗanda ke buƙatar haɗa na'urori da yawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar ta hanyar wayoyi, a ofisoshi, da kuma don sabobin. Kuma, duk da cewa an sanya cibiyoyin sadarwar mara waya, har yanzu akwai dogaro da yawa kan wayoyi.
Idan kuna buƙatar ɗayan waɗannan kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwar, gaskiyar ita ce cewa suna da sauƙin sauƙi ga mafi yawan, kodayake akwai waɗanda suka ɗan ci gaba. Duk da hakan, ba sauki zabi mai kyau a wasu lokuta. Idan dole ne ku san wasu bayanan fasaha waɗanda zasu taimaka muku a cikin zaɓin, da kuma mafi kyawun samfuran da zaku iya samu a kasuwa.
Mafi kyawun samfurin sauyawar Ethernet
Wadannan wasu ne samfurin da ke ba da kyakkyawan sakamako Idan ya zo ga sauyawar Ethernet don gida ko ofishi:
D-mahada DXS-1100-10T
- 19 ”rack-mountable, kasuwanci-aji, high-performance, gudanarwa mai sauya network tare da 1U na ...
- Yana da tashar jiragen ruwa 8 10 Gigabit Ethernet da kuma tashoshin 2 10 GbE SFP +
Faɗin D-Link DXS-1100-10T yana amfani da manyan kalmomi. Gaskiya ne cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin masu tsada, amma ƙwararren masaniya ne wanda zai iya zama babban cikamaki ga kamfani. Wannan na'urar tana tallafawa saurin gudu zuwa 10 Gbps (NBASE-T) da fiber optics.
Bugu da kari, sauya yana da 8 10Gbit LAN mashigai (RJ-45), da kuma 2 SFP + tashar jiragen ruwa don fiber optics. Kuma idan hakan bai isa ba, yana aiki tare da babban aiki kuma har ma ana iya saka shi a cikin tara 19 and kuma yana da girman 1U, don girkawa a cikin kabad na sabar.
Hakanan yana da fasaha ba tarewa ba don sauyawa zuwa Gbits 200 a sakan ɗaya ba tare da toshewa tsakanin na'urori daban-daban da aka haɗa ba, kuma tare da teburin MAC har zuwa shigarwar 16.384. Firfware na wannan na'urar kuma shine mafi kyawun abin da zaku samu akan kasuwa.
Netgear Nighthawk SX10
- 10G ya ninka 10G sauri fiye da 1G - yana goyan bayan duk na'urori masu yawa da ƙarfin da suka cancanta
- Gudanar da latency da rage lag spikes: an gyara shi don wasa, iyakar damar isa ta bandwidth da ...
Wani daga cikin mafi kyawun samfurin sauyawar Ethernet wanda zaku iya samu shine eNetgear Nighthawk SX10. Wannan ma ƙirar ƙwararriyar ƙwararra ce, kodayake yafi araha fiye da wacce ta gabata. Yana da kyau ga ofisoshi ko wasa saboda babban aiki da haɓakawa (rage latency) don waɗannan nau'ikan aikace-aikacen.
Su matsakaicin gudu shine 10Gbps (NBASE-T) na tashar tashoshin ta guda 2, wanda dole ne mu ƙara wasu tashoshin jiragen ruwa guda 8 da suke aiki a 1Gbps. A wannan yanayin, firmware yana da kyau ƙwarai, tare da ɗimbin ayyuka da saitunan da za a zaɓa daga.
D-Haɗin DGS-108
- Takaddun ƙarfe na ƙarfe don ƙarfin juriya da mafi kyawun watsawar zafi, wanda ke fassara zuwa mafi girma ...
- Toshe kuma kunna, babu buƙatar daidaitawa
Idan abinda kake nema shine wani abu mai arha don gidanku, to, D-Link DGS-108 shine ɗayan mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka a gare ku. Aungiya ce da ke da aiki mai kyau, mai ɗorewa, da kuma watsar da zafi mai kyau saboda ƙarfinta na ƙarfe wanda zai ba ku damar aiki ba tare da hutawa ba tare da matsaloli ba.
Yana da saurin 1Gbps (1000BASE-T) tare da tashar jiragen ruwa 8. Tsarin sa yana da sauki matuka cewa kawai kuna buƙatar haɗi kuma zaiyi aiki. Kuma idan kuna da Sabis ɗin TV na Intanet, Yana da IGMP Snooping, don haka za a tabbatar da aikin don kada a sami saukad da damuwa.
TP-Link TL-SG108
- [8-gigabit sauyawa] - 8 45/10 / 100Mbps RJ1000 mashigai tare da gano saurin atomatik, tallafi don ...
- Fasahar ethernet ta kore tana amfani da kuzari
Madadin D-Link na baya shine wannan TP-Link, daidai arha kuma cikakke ga gidaje ko ofisoshi basa bukatar yawa. A wannan yanayin, yana da saurin har zuwa 1Gbps da tashar jiragen ruwa 8 RJ-45.
Har ila yau yana da ƙidaya don IGMP Tsugunewa ga waɗanda suke amfani da sabis na IPTV, kuma an kuma saka mata da ƙarfe na ƙarfe wanda ke aiki azaman matattarar zafi, don hana shi yin zafi lokacin da ake amfani da shi sosai.
Menene sauyawa?
Un sauya, ko sauyawa, na'ura ce da ke ba ka damar haɗa na'urori da yawa zuwa hanyar sadarwa. Wannan hanyar, duk na'urori za'a iya haɗa su zuwa cibiyar sadarwar yanki ko LAN. Bugu da ƙari, ƙayyadaddun fasaha, a wannan yanayin, za su bi daidaitattun Ethernet (IEEE 802.3).
Bambanci tsakanin hub da swith
Akwai bambance tsakanin Hub da Switch, tunda koda yake suna da ayyuka iri daya, gaskiya shine suna da wasu bambance-bambance. Misali, a yadda ake aika Frames. Wannan shine, hanyar da aka aika da layukan sadarwar da aka ɗora don jigilar bayanai.
A cikin hali na cibiyoyin hanyar sadarwa, waɗannan firam, ko jerin ragowa, ana aika su zuwa duk na'urori da aka haɗa da cibiya daidai. Madadin haka, a kan sauya kawai za a aika su zuwa na'urar da aka nufa. Wato ma'anar, cibiya zata yi aiki azaman ɓarawon lantarki wanda ke sa toshe ɗaya ya zama da yawa.
Madadin haka, sauyawar, kamar yadda sunan ta ya nuna, nuna hali kamar sauyawa, sauyawa tsakanin abubuwa daban-daban don aika bayanan zuwa na'urar da ta dace. Sabili da haka, dole ne ya sami hardwarean kayan aiki na yau da kullun kuma an bashi ikon ganewa inda yake jagorantar bayanin.
de amfaniKa yi tunanin kana da PC ɗin da aka haɗa da mai sauyawa, da kuma firintar hanyar sadarwa. Idan wasu kayan haɗin da aka haɗa sun aika bayanai don buga takardu, wannan bayanin ba lallai bane ya je adaftar cibiyar sadarwar PC, amma zuwa firintar ...
Yaya canzawa yake aiki?
Yawancin hanyoyin sadarwar da aka haɗa ta hanyar sauyawa suna da tauraron taurari. Wato, yayin amfani da Ethernet LAN za a yi amfani da sanyi a inda duk na'urori ke haɗe da maɓallin tsakiya.
Kamar yadda na ambata, yi aiki tare da sauyawa godiya ga kewayenta da sarrafawa. Sabili da haka, za su aika fakiti na hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar fitowar da ta dace. Kowane ɗayan na'urorin da aka haɗa ba zai sami abu iri ɗaya ba azaman cibiya, amma yana iya yin kamar ana haɗa su duka tare da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da kansu.
Wannan shine yadda kuka samo shi ƙara haɓakawar hanyar sadarwa don haɗa ƙarin na'urori. Wani abu mai amfani ga na'urorin haɗi duka a cikin gidaje, ofisoshi, da manyan kamfanoni.
Hakanan ku ma ku sani cewa zaku iya adana wani babban bandwidth, tunda a cikin sauya bayanai ba a rubuwa ta kowace tashar jiragen ruwan ta kamar yadda yake a cibiya lokacin da nodes biyu ke kokarin sadarwa. Mai sauyawa zai yi amfani da adreshin MAC na kowane na'urar da aka haɗa don gano su, don haka watsa bayanai tsakanin kumburin aikawa da kumburin karɓar ta hanya ta musamman.
A gefe guda, a cikin hub din an daidaita saurin zuwa ƙananan saurin haɗa na'urori yayin watsawa tsakanin su. Hakan ba haka bane a daya yanayin ...
Me nake buƙatar sauyawar Ethernet don?
Babban aiki shine shiga ko haɗa na'urori da yawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa. Amma bai kamata ku dame shi ba tare da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, tun da sauyawar Ethernet ba ya samar da haɗin kai ga wasu cibiyoyin sadarwa ko Intanet. A takaice, don na'urorin su haɗi da Intanet, sauyawa ana buƙatar haɗa shi da mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.
Amma yayin haɗa na'urori masu yawa na cibiyar sadarwa ta amfani da sauyawa, zaka iya yin abubuwa kamar:
- Raba bayanai tsakanin kwamfutoci da yawa da aka haɗa.
- Yi amfani da masu buga waya.
- Sanya na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ta iyakance a tashoshin jiragen ruwa don raba haɗin ta tare da wasu na'urori da yawa saboda sauyawa yana faɗaɗa yawan tashar jiragen ruwa da ke akwai.
Tabbas, idan kun haɗa sauya tare da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, tuna cewa haɗin haɗin na dukkan na'urorin da aka haɗa za a iyakance su da saurin hanyar sadarwar ku. Wato, sauyawa zai raba saurin Intanet, amma ba zai ninka shi ba ...
Nau'in Ethernet Canji
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan sauyawar Ethernet a kasuwa. Mafi shahararrun sune:
- Desktop: sune mafi mahimmanci, ba tare da ƙarin ƙari ba. Su ne mafi amfani dasu a cikin gida. Galibi suna da tashoshin jiragen ruwa 4 zuwa 8. Saurin su yawanci 1/10/100 Mbps, suna aiki a cikin hanyar rabin duplex da cikakken duplex.
- Kewayen da ba za'a iya sarrafa shi ba- An yi amfani dashi don ƙananan hanyoyin sadarwar matsakaici. Sun fi ɗan girma kuma sun fi tsada tsada. Bugu da kari, suna iya samun daga tashar jiragen ruwa 4 zuwa 24 a wasu yanayi. Saurin sa yakai 10/100 Mbps kuma har zuwa 1Gbps.
- Kewayen da za'a iya sarrafawa: kama da waɗanda suka gabata, amma don matsakaiciyar matsakaici / manyan hanyoyin sadarwa. Tashar tashoshinta daga 16 zuwa 48, kuma suna da saurin daidaitawa don ƙarin keɓaɓɓen gudanarwa.
- Matsakaici amfani akwati: ana amfani dasu don matsakaiciyar cibiyoyin sadarwa tare da babban aiki da ingantattun ayyuka. Wasu kuma na iya zuwa saurin 10Gbps.
- High yi kututturan: ana amfani dasu a cikin manyan cibiyoyin cibiyar bayanai da kuma sarrafa kwamfuta (HPC). Suna da tsada sosai kuma sun ci gaba, girman su ma yayi yawa, kuma suna bayar da gudu sosai.
Siyan Tukwici don Sauyawar Ethernet
para zabi mai kyau Ethernet sauya, dole ne ku yi la'akari da la'akari da yawa. La'akari da waɗannan sigogin, siye yakamata ya zama mai nasara, ba tare da mamaki ko ɓata na'urar da ka siya ba saboda kowane iyakokinta.
Mafi kyawun Canje-canje
Idan kana so na'urar da ke da abin dogara kuma tana ɗorewa lokacin da aikin zai yi nauyi, to ya kamata ku nemi mafi kyawun samfuran. In ba haka ba, kuna iya damuwa da glitches fiye da jin daɗin abin da zai bayar.
da mafi kyau iri Waɗanda nake ba da shawara su ne Cisco, Netgear, TP-Link, D-Link, Juniper, da ASUS. Dukansu suna ba da kyawawan halaye. Don haka idan kun zaɓi kowane samfurin su, bai kamata ku sami matsaloli da yawa yayin amfani da su ba.
Sauri
La gudun Maɓallin Ethernet na iya zama daban dangane da na'urar, amma ya kamata koyaushe kayi la'akari da wanda kake buƙata bisa ga aikace-aikacen da zaka yi amfani da shi. Misali, ba daidai yake ba don amfani da sauyawar Ethernet don sabar, fiye da gida.
Tabbas kun riga kun san cewa akwai Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, da dai sauransu. Ga gida da ofis, Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASET-T) ya isa, tunda ana samun saurin zuwa 1 Gbps. Wannan ya dace da yawan aikace-aikace da wasanni. Madadin haka, 10 Gigabit (10GbE) ko sama da haka za a buƙaci don kasuwanci da sauran cibiyoyin sadarwar da suka dace.
Este nau'in fasaha ko mizani Ba wai kawai suna shafar saurin ba ne, har ma da irin matsakaiciyar hanyar da ake watsa ta, matsakaicin tsawon igiyoyi, da sauransu. Misali:
- 10BASHIN-T- daidaitaccen Ethernet ta amfani da kebul na 3 UTP wanda ba a kariya ba tare da masu haɗin RJ-45. 10 yana nuna cewa yana tallafawa saurin Mbps 10. Matsakaicin tsayi shine mita 100 don ƙerawa. A sama hakan zai haifar da matsaloli.
- 1000 BASET-TX: ana kiransa Fast Ethernet, ma'ana, tare da saurin har zuwa 100Mbps. Yana amfani da irin wannan cat5, cat5e, da cat6 UTP na USB, tare da tsayin tsayi na mita 100.
- 1000BASE-T- Yana amfani da UTB cat5 ko kebul mafi girma, har zuwa mita 100 a tsayi. Saurin a wannan yanayin yakai 1000 Mbps ko, menene daidai, 1Gbps.
- 100 BASE-FX: Yana kama da 100BASE-T, amma a kan kebul na fiber. A wannan yanayin tsawan ya kai mita 412.
- 1000MATA-X: Yana kama da 1000BASE-T, amma tare da kebul na fiber. Za ku sami ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa, irin su SX, LX, EX, ZX, da CX, tare da ƙananan bambance-bambance. Dogaro da hakan, suna iya tafiya daga mita 25 na tsawon kebul, har zuwa ma kilomita.
- 10GbE: wanda ake kira XGbE. Tare da ƙananan nau'ikan da zasu iya tallafawa duka kebul na UTP da fiber optic don saurin 10Gbps.
Akwai ƙarin matsayin da juzu'i, amma waɗannan sune sanannu tsakanin kayan aikin da kuke buƙata don gida ko ofis.
Yawan tashar tashar jirgin ruwa
Kamar yadda kuka gani, ba duk nau'ikan sauyawar Ethernet suna da yawan tashar jiragen ruwa iri ɗaya ba. Akwai daga 4 zuwa dozin da yawa daga cikinsu. Wannan yana da mahimmanci yayin zabar wanda ya dace, tunda dole ne sai ka hango adadin tashoshin da kake bukatar hadawa domin samun damar mallakar dukkan su.
Kullum zaku iya siyan sauya Ethernet na biyu idan kun ɓace, amma wannan ba shine mafi mahimmanci ba. Don haka yi tunani game da duk na'urorin da zaku haɗa, duka na'urori masu sarrafa kansu na gida, IoT, PCs, masu buga takardu, da dai sauransu. Da kyau, ya kamata ku sami tashar jiragen ruwa mara kyau don adana idan kun yanke shawarar faɗaɗa kundin kayan aikinku a nan gaba.
Bai kamata ku sayi canji tare da tashar jiragen ruwa da yawa ba., tunda farashinsa yawanci yafi hakan kuma zaka bata kudi wanda bazaka iya amfani da shi ba. Don haka, tsaya kuma kimanta ainihin abin da kuke buƙata.
Af wasu maɓallan tsakiyar da manyan ƙarshen suna ba da tashar jiragen ruwa ta zamani ba tare da wani takamaiman tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ba. Wannan yana ba ku damar siyan ɗakunan tashoshi daban kuma ta haka zaku dace da kowane nau'in. Misali, zaka iya girka modules na fiber optic, ko kayayyaki don RJ-45, don RJ-11, da sauransu.
A cikin sauye-sauye masu ƙarancin ƙarfi sun riga sun zo tare da tashar jiragen ruwa kai tsaye, kuma a wasu lokuta ma akwai manyan jeri ma. Amma idan kun ci karo da ɗayan waɗannan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na zamani, ya kamata ku san hakan akwai GBICs (Gigabit Interface Converter) don igiyoyin UTP zuwa Gigabit Ethernet; y da SFP (Formananan -ananan-factor Puggable), ko mini-GBIC, waɗanda ake amfani da su don Gigabit ko 10GbE tare da zaren fiber ko kebul na UTP.
Sarrafawa
Lokacin da na nuna nau'ikan sauyawar Ethernet, kun sami damar tabbatar da cewa akwai su sarrafawa da rashin kulawa. Da kyau, waɗanda za'a iya sarrafawa sun fi tsada, amma suna ba da damar ƙarfin daidaitawa. Yayinda karshen ke da rahusa da sauƙin amfani, amma ba tare da sassauci da yawa ba.
Abinda ba za'a iya sarrafawa ba kuma mai arha, ya zo tare da daidaitaccen tsari wanda an riga an riga an kafa shi a masana'anta. Wannan zai iya haɗa su kawai kuma fara aiki, ba tare da yin komai ba. Yana da kyau sosai, kuma an bada shawarar ga mutanen da basu da ra'ayin saitunan cibiyar sadarwa.
Amma idan kuna son ƙarin abu, mai sarrafawa yana da ingantaccen firmware wanda zaku iya saita tare da yawancin fasalulluka (CLI, SNMP, VLAN, Hanyar IP, IGMP Snooping, Haɗin Haɗin Haɗi, QoS,…). Kari akan haka, zaku iya iyakance bandwidth kuma kuyi wasu abubuwan daidaitawa wadanda zasu shafi aikin da tsaro na cibiyar sadarwar. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa suka dace da ƙwararru ko cibiyoyin sadarwar zamani.
A halin yanzu akwai wasu ma smart sauya wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa wasu fasali a tsaka-tsakin farashin tsakanin waɗanda ba sa iya sarrafawa da sarrafawa. Suna da kyau sosai ga gidajen zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ɗan ƙari fiye da abin da ba a iya sarrafawa ba, amma tare da farashi mai arha.
firmware
Lokacin da ka zaɓi abin da ba za a iya sarrafawa ba, firmware yana da ɗan ƙasa kaɗan. A gefe guda, idan ya zo ga wani canjin Ethernet mai ɗan ci gaba, dole ne a tabbatar cewa firmware ɗin yana da kyau. Kuma musamman cewa mai samarda kayan aikin sadarwar yayi kyakkyawan kulawa dashi, ma'ana, yana sabunta shi koyaushe.
Una sabuntawa firmware ba kawai zai baka damar kara wasu ayyuka kamar yadda wasu suke tunani ba. Wani abu ne da zai iya gyara raunin da ya shafi tsaron rd ɗinka, gyara kwari da suka shafi aikin komputa daidai, ko haɓaka aiki a wasu lokuta.
Wasu fasali
A ƙarshe kuma ya kamata kuyi la'akari da wasu ƙarin cewa wasu nau'ikan sauyawar hanyar sadarwa suna da. Mafi mashahuri sune:
- Girman buffer: wani abin adanawa, wani nau'in ma'aji ne wanda ke adana bayanai cikin sauri na wani lokaci. Wannan shine yadda ake inganta aiki. Dangane da wasu maɓallan, suma suna da waɗannan abubuwan tunawa waɗanda ke adana abubuwan da za a aika zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, wannan yana ba da damar sauyawar Ethernet don canzawa tsakanin na'urori waɗanda ke aiki a matakai daban-daban ba tare da sun rage gudu ba, kawai tana adana bayanan ne a cikin wannan ƙwaƙwalwar yayin da na'urar da ke taƙaita tana da lokacin da za ta dawo da wannan bayanan a kan yadda ya dace. Tabbatar cewa sauyawa yana da ƙwarewar waɗannan tunanin na ɗan lokaci idan zaku yi amfani da na'urori a hanyoyi daban-daban ...
- PoE (overarfin Ethernet) da PoE +: waɗannan sune fasahar da wasu goyan baya ke goyan baya kuma hakan yana ba da damar wutar lantarki da waɗannan na'urori ke buƙatar aiki don samar dasu ta hanyar wannan kebul na LAN. Wato, ba za su buƙaci keɓaɓɓiyar igiyar wutar ba. Wannan ba mahimmanci bane, amma yana iya zama mai kyau a lokuta idan za'a shigar da sauyawar Ethernet a cikin wuri ba tare da kwasfa ba.
- SDN (Sadarwar Sadarwar Software): saiti ne na dabarun sadarwa don aiwatar da hanyoyin sadarwar software. A halin yanzu mafi kyawun daidaitaccen buɗewar buɗewa shine OpenFlow. Wannan yana baka damar tsara hanyoyin sadarwa, gudanar da hanyar data wacce dole fakitoci zasu bi, gudanar da nesa, da sauransu. Ba wani abu bane wanda ake buƙata a cikin gidaje da ofisoshi da yawa, amma shine lokacin da kuke son saita hanyoyin sadarwa masu ci gaba.