Iyini imayini ye-cryptocurrency futhi ihlanganisani?

Bitcoin, Monero, Litecoin, Ethereum… Kulezi zinsuku wonke umuntu usezwile ngezwe lama-cryptocurrencies, lapho abaningi asebevele batshala imali. Izinzuzo zayo ezinkulu zivame ukugqanyiswa njengohlobo lwemali yedijithali yesikhathi esizayo noma njengethuba lokutshala imali ongathola ngalo imali eningi. Futhi izithiyo zayo: azisekelwa yinoma iyiphi inhlangano esemthethweni futhi ukuguquguquka kwazo kuphezulu. Nokho, ukunaka okuncane kunakwa esicini esisodwa esiqondile: Zivelaphi? Yilapho okumele sikhulume ngakho izimayini ze-cryptocurrency.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa imiqondo ethile: cryptocurrency o I-cryptocurrency iyimpahla yedijithali esebenzisa ukubethela kwe-cryptographic ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubunikazi bayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokuthengiselana futhi kuvimbela umgunyathi. Lezi zimali zedijithali azikho ngendlela ebonakalayo. Empeleni zigcinwe esikhwameni sedijithali.

Njengoba sike sasho ekuqaleni, imali ye-crypto ayilawulwa noma ilawulwa inoma yisiphi isikhungo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthengiselana kwabo akudingi abaxhumanisi, njengoba kusetshenziswa i-database ehlukaniswe, ebizwa blockchain, okuvumela irekhodi lokubalwa kwezimali okwabiwe.

Ubuchwepheshe be-Blockchain buvame ukuqhathaniswa ne-ledger enkulu lapho inani elikhulu lolwazi lingarekhodwa futhi ligcinwe futhi labiwe kunethiwekhi futhi alikwazi ukushintshwa noma ukususwa.

Kuyini izimayini ze-cryptocurrency

Incazelo ye-cryptocurrencies yileyo yenqubo lapho ukuthengiselana kwenethiwekhi kuqinisekiswa futhi kuqoqwe, okuzongezwa kamuva ku-blockchain. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi, ama-cryptocurrencies afana Bitcoin, ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyaziwa kakhulu kuzo zonke.

Kungani kusetshenziswa igama elithi “izimayini”? Ngokusobala, yigama elingokomfanekiso, kodwa empeleni umsebenzi wokubala ukuze kukhishwe inani kunethiwekhi ufana kakhulu nalowo womvukuzi ohamba ngaphansi komhlaba efuna igolide, amalahle nanoma iyiphi enye imineral ebalulekile.

Umvukuzi we-cryptocurrency akasebenzisi ipiki nefosholo, kodwa i-hardware yekhompyutha nesofthiwe. Umsebenzi ukubeka amandla okucubungula ekhompuyutha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu enkonzweni yenethiwekhi. Amanethiwekhi ahlukene e-cryptocurrency asebenzisa lawa maqembu ukuze aqinisekise ubuqiniso bemisebenzi yabasebenzisi bawo.

Inqubo yezimayini, igxathu negxathu:

Ingxenye eyisisekelo yenqubo yezimayini ye-cryptocurrency ingu qinisekisa futhi uqinisekise ukuthengiselana. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa okuthiwa ama-node wokumba izimayini, ophethe ukukhetha ukuthengiselana okulindile futhi ungeze kusifanekiso se-block. Yonke inqubo, eyakha umjikelezo, inezinyathelo ezinhlanu:

Ukuqinisekiswa

I-Los ama-node agcwele bangamaqembu anesibopho sokusebenzisa yonke imithetho yokuvumelana yephrothokholi yenethiwekhi yakho. Ziyisici esihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka nokuzinza kumanethiwekhi we-cryptocurrency. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimali ezifihliwe ezithunyelwayo azikaze zisetshenziselwe omunye umsebenzi ngaphambilini. Ngamanye amazwi: ukuthi akukho ukusetshenziswa okuphindwe kabili.

Iqoqo lomsebenzi

Bese bengena esenzweni izindawo zezimayini. Baqoqa okwenziwayo osekuqinisekisiwe kakade kusifanekiso futhi bayengeze kumabhulokhi angaqinisekisiwe.

I-Hash futhi ulawule idatha

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubhaliswa kolwazi olubalulekile emayini ye-cryptocurrencies futhi uqinisekise vimba. Kuyisigaba sokulungiselela sazo zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ukwenza umsebenzi we-hashi futhi uqale umsebenzi wokuthola isihlonzi sebhulokhi edalwayo. Lo msebenzi nawo wenziwa yizindawo zezimayini.

Isinqumo

Ngedatha enikezwe i-node yezimayini, isihlonzi esilungile se-block senziwa, lapho ukuthengiselana kungaqinisekiswa khona futhi izinhlamvu zemali zikhishwe. Kuyinqubo engathatha okungaphezulu noma okuncane kuye ngokuthi ithimba elisetshenzisiwe ukuze kuxazululwe noma inani labavukuzi abenza umsebenzi ofanayo.

I-block yengezwa kunethiwekhi

Ekugcineni, lapho umvukuzi ethola isisombululo somsebenzi we-hashi, kukhiqizwa ibhulokhi entsha ebhaliswe unomphela. Zonke ezinye izinto ezisalindile zikhanselwa ngokuzenzakalela ukuze kugwenywe ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imali kabili. Kulapho-ke umvuzo womvukuzi ukhishwa.

Kusukela kulo mzuzu kuqhubeke, ulwazi oluqukethwe kule blockchain ngeke lusalungiswa. Kwamanye amanethiwekhi, njenge-Bitcoin noma i-Ethereum, imininingwane yawo ingaboniswa esidlangalaleni.

imivuzo yabavukuzi

Emaphethelweni awo wonke umuntu onquma izinsiza kanye nemizamo yokumba ama-cryptocurrensets, kukhona ithuba lokuthola umvuzo wabo osekukudala bewulindile. Lena empeleni injini eshayela yonke inqubo. Ngokungeza amabhlogo amasha ochungechungeni lwe-cryptocurrency, kutholwa umvuzo, ongaba wezinhlobo ezimbili:

• Ngendlela ye- amakhomishana, ekhokhelwa abasebenzisi ababamba iqhaza emisebenzini eyenza ibhulokhi entsha eyengeziwe.
• kokusha izimali zedijithali ezifakwa ekusakazweni.

Yini edingekayo ukuze kumayini ama-cryptocurrencies?

Impela ngemva kokufunda lokhu, ngaphezu koyedwa wenu uvule isibani futhi uphawu lwedola (noma i-Bitcoin) ludwetshiwe emehlweni akho. Uma kudingeka ikhompuyutha eyodwa kuphela, kungani ngingambi ama-cryptocurrencies wami ekhaya?

Nakuba lokhu kungenzeka, akulula njengoba kubonakala. Empeleni, izimayini ze-cryptocurrency zidinga amandla amaningi ekhompyutha. Akwanele ukuba nekhompyutha noma inethiwekhi yamakhompiyutha yamandla athile, kodwa futhi kuyadingeka igridi yamandla ezinzile. Eqinisweni, kule nqubo ukuzinza kubaluleke kakhulu kunejubane.

Uma lezi zidingo zifinyelelwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo uku faka isofthiwe ethile ukuxazulula izinkinga zezibalo (hashing). Lokhu kumele futhi kufake uhlelo lokuqinisekisa oludingekayo lokuthengiselana okusemthethweni oluqinisekisa ukuthi i-block iyibhulokhi. Lapho isofthiwe ixazulula ukuthengiselana, umvukuzi uthola inani elithile lezinhlamvu zemali zedijithali. Lapho i-hardware yomvukuzi eshesha futhi enamandla kakhulu, maningi amathuba okuphumelela.

Imishini ethile kanye nesofthiwe

Uhlelo olusetshenziswa ukumba ama-cryptocurrencies luncike emalini ye-crypto esifuna ukuyemba. Kunezinketho ezimbalwa:

• Sebenzisa a umvukuzi we-asic, okuyikhompyutha elungiselwe ukwenza umsebenzi owodwa futhi okhethekile: khipha uhlobo oluthile lwe-cryptocurrency.
• Sebenzisa ikhompuyutha efakwe ikhadi lezithombe elisebenza kahle kakhulu noma i-GPU.

Okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kufanele usebenzise ihadiwe ehlukile yohlobo ngalunye lwemali. Abantu abaningi baye bazama ukumba ama-cryptos ngaphandle kwe-hardware efanele ngaphandle kwempumelelo, futhi bachitha imali eningi emishinini yekhompyutha engalungile futhi bedla amanani amakhulu kagesi ngeze.

Kungani sidinga okokusebenza okunamandla nesofthiwe ethile? Kungcono ukukuchaza ngesibonelo: umsebenzi we-hash wamanethiwekhi afana ne-Bitcoin wakhiwe inhlanganisela ye-alphanumeric yezinhlamvu ezingu-64. Imithetho yamathuba isitshela ukuthi ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele ekhulula i-BTC futhi iqinisekisa ukuthengiselana kuwumsebenzi ongafinyeleleki wobuchopho bomuntu. Lowo umsebenzi wemishini, amadivaysi anamandla amakhulu okwenza ikhompuyutha akwazi ukubala izinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanganisela ngendaba yamaminithi.

Kafushane, kungashiwo ukuthi into kuphela eyenziwa umvukuzi ukuboleka isistimu amandla okubala kanye nogesi odingekayo ukwenza le misebenzi, ukuthola umvuzo. Ngokuvamile, inkokhelo ku-cryptocurrency osebenza kuyo.

amapulazi ezimayini cryptocurrency

Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi lapho sinikezela ngemishini enamandla ngokwengeziwe kuma-cryptocurrencies ezimayini, izinzuzo ziba nkulu. Ngeshwa lokho kusho utshalomali olukhulu lokho akufinyeleleki isakhamuzi esivamile. Kudinga futhi izinsiza ezanele kanye nethimba labantu lochwepheshe elizinikele ekuqapheni ukusebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku.

Amanye amazwe athanda Rusia o United States (futhi kuze kube muva nje, futhi China) batshale imali eningi ezimayini ze-cryptocurrency, bakha izindawo ezinkulu ezaziwa ngokuthi amapulazi ezimayini. Inzuzo yala mapulazi ihlobene, hhayi nje ngenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali okudingekayo, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi ingaphansi kokuguquguquka okuqhubekayo kwenani le-cryptocurrencies, okuyinto, njengoba sesibonile, iguquguquka kakhulu.

Olunye udaba olungabaza ngenzuzo yamapulazi ezimayini ukuthi, lapho intengo ye-cryptocurrency inyuka, izinsiza ezengeziwe zisetshenziselwa ukuyimayini. Futhi lokhu kunomphumela wokwandisa ubunzima lapho kumbiwa.

Izimayini zamafu

Ekugcineni, sizobhekisela endleleni yezimayini ye-cryptocurrency itholakale kunoma ubani ongenayo i-hardware edingekayo. Ayihloselwe ukwenza inzuzo enkulu, kodwa iyasebenza. I izimayini zefu kwenziwa ngesikhungo sokucubungula idatha esabiwe nesikude esitholakala kuyo "Ifu". Kulokhu, umvukuzi ukhokhela kuphela isevisi enikezwe umhlinzeki.