Ukushintsha uhlelo lokusebenza lwedivayisi ye-elekthronikhi kuwumsebenzi okudingeka ube nolwazi oluningi, ngoba kufanele ukwazi ukubhekana nazo zonke izinkinga ongase uhlangane nazo endleleni.
Uma sikhuluma ngama-smartphones, eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule bekuvamile ukuthola ama-ROM wangokwezifiso kumadivayisi athile, ama-ROM obekufanele uwafake kuphela ngoba enzelwe amadivayisi athile. Kepha uma singaphumi lapho, akufanele shintsha i-Android OS yeselula yakho hhayi enye.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zamadivayisi eselula
Njengoba ama-Smartphones efika emakethe ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, izinhlelo eziningi ezisebenzayo zizame ngaphandle kwempumelelo ukuthola indawo emakethe, imakethe okwamanje ephethwe yi-iOS ne-Android.
I-Windows Phone
IMicrosoft ibiphethe ithuba lokungena emakethe kodwa ukuphathwa kweWindows Phone kwakuyinhlekelele yangempela ezandleni zikaSteve Ballmer, umphathi omkhulu weMicrosoft ngaleso sikhathi.
IWindows Phone yathinteka yaze yafa ukuphatha kabi kukaSteve Ballmer. Ngokufika kukaSatya Nadella esikhundleni sokuba yi-CEO yeMicrosoft, wabona ukuthi akukho okumele akwenze futhi wanquma ukushiya iWindows Phone unomphela.
IWindows Phone inikeze ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kweselula enekhompyutha ephethwe yiWindows, kufana ne-iPhone ene-Mac.UMicrosoft wayeka ukunikeza ukwesekwa kweWindows 10 Mobile ngoJanuwari 2020.
IMicrosoft igxile emizameni yayo yokunikeza yonke imvelo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Android futhi njengamanje ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwe-Android neWindows kuphelele ngokuphelele ngohlelo lwakho lwefoni yakho.
I-Firefox OS
Ngo-2013, iMozilla Foundation yethule iFirefox OS, i-HTML 5-based mobile operating system enomthombo ovulekile we-Linux kernel. Yenzelwe ukuvumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-HTML 5 ukuxhumana ngqo nehadiwe ledivayisi kusetshenziswa i-Open Web APIs neJavasScript.
Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwalugxile kumatheminali asezingeni eliphansi namathebulethi afana neZTE Open (athengiswa yiTelefonica) nePeak. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibitholakalela ne-Raspberry Pi, ama-TV ahlakaniphile, kanye namadivayisi wekhompyutha asebenza kahle.
Impilo yeFirefox OS yayimfishane, njengango-2015, iMozilla Foundation yamemezela ukuthi ikhansela ukwakhiwa kweFirefox OS yamadivayisi eselula. Ngaphandle kokusekelwa okubanzi ebenakho kumphakathi wamavolontiya, bekungasekelwa abakhiqizi bama-smartphone, okuthi ekugcineni, kube yibo abanquma ukuthi uhlelo olusebenzayo lweselula luyaphumelela noma cha.
Tizen OS
Yize iTizen ibilokhu ihlotshaniswa ne-Samsung, lolu hlelo olusebenzayo olususelwa kwiLinux ne-HTML 5 beluxhaswe yiLinux Foundation kanye neLiMo Foundation ukwenza uhlelo olusebenzayo lwamathebulethi, izincwadi zokubhalela, ama-smartphone, ama-smart TV ...
Lapho kukhishwa inguqulo yokugcina ngo-2013, yayihambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Android. Umbono wokuqala wale phrojekthi bekuwukwakha uhlelo lokusebenza oluvulekile lomthombo, kepha lapho kukhishwa inguqulo 2 yayingaphansi kwelayisensi yakwa-Samsung.
I-Tizen ikhona kuwo wonke ama-Samsung smart TV kanye nemishini yayo exhunyiwe. Futhi kuze kube muva nje, bekubuye kube uhlelo lokusebenza lwamawashi wenkampani yaseKorea.
Kumadivayisi eselula, kuze kube muva nje iSamsung iqhubekile nokwethula ama-smartphones aneTizen enzelwe amazwe asathuthuka.
Ubuntu Thinta
Inkampani iCanonical, ezinikele ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo nge-Ubuntu, yethule i-2013 Ubuntu Phone, uhlelo olusebenzisayo olusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza ngezenzo ezincike ekwakhiweni kwe-Unity.
Okunye kokukhangayo kwayo okukhulu ukukwazi ukulayisha ideskithophu ye-Ubuntu ngokuxhuma idivaysi echwebeni lekhibhodi negundane.
Lo mbono omuhle wamukelwa yiSamsung ngeDeck, ukusebenza okusivumela ukuthi sixhume igundane nekhibhodi kwi-Samsung smartphone ukuze isebenze sengathi ikhompyutha enoBuntu.
Ngo-2017, abakwaCanonical bakushiya ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza. Kuze kube manje amafemu i-BQ neMeizu kuphela abekhethe yona, ngayinye yethula i-smartphone emakethe nge-Ubuntu Touch.
I-Salfish OS
Nge-linux kernel futhi ehlelwe ku-C ++, sithola i-Sailfish OS, uhlelo olusebenzayo lwamadivayisi eselula elenziwe yinkampani yaseFinland iJolla Ltd., inkampani edalwe ngabasebenzi bakwaNokia ngenkathi iMicrosoft ithenga inkampani futhi yaqala ukusebenzisa iWindows Phone.
I-Sailfish OS iyakwazi ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-Android. Iningi lolu hlelo lokusebenza luyisoftware yamahhala ngaphandle kwesixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi esaziwa ngeSailfish Silica, ngakho-ke bonke labo abafuna ukuyisebenzisa kufanele bakhokhele ilayisense.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza kwamaselula, i-Sailfish OS iyaqhubeka ngokwentuthuko ngenxa yezivumelwano zokuhweba inkampani eyazifinyelela neChina, iRussia kanye namanye amazwe aseLatin America ngenxa yokwanda okunganqandeki kwe-iOS ne-Android nokusolwa kobunhloli okungenzeka. Yizinkampani zaseMelika ezingemuva kwayo. .
iwebhu OS
Ngaphambi kokuthi i-Android ithandwe, iPalm yethula i-webOS, uhlelo olusebenzayo olususelwa ku-Linux olusebenzisa i-HTML 5, JavaScript, ne-CSS, etholakala ngaphakathi kwePalm Pre, idivaysi eyafika emakethe maphakathi no-2009.
Ngemuva kokuthengwa kwePalm ngepate ku-HP, kwethulwe imishini emisha emisha, amadivayisi angaphumeleli kahle emakethe aze aphoqa inkampani ukuthi iqhubeke nokuthuthuka ngo-2011.
Ngo-2013, umenzi we-LG wathenga i-webOS ukuze ayisebenzise njengohlelo lokusebenza lwama-TV ayo ahlakaniphile. Ngo-2016 yethule i-smartphone yokuqala nge-webOS entsha, i-Motorola Defy. Kusukela lapho akukho okunye okwaziwayo mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-webOS yama-smartphone.
Ngemuva kwesimemezelo se-LG sokushiya imakethe yezocingo, sesivele sikhohlwa ngokubona i-smartphone ene-webOS ngokuzayo.
abanye
Uhlelo olusebenzayo lwamathebulethi e-Amazon, njengaleli elisetshenziswa yiHuawei kuma-smartphone alo, alutho ngaphandle kwezimfoloko ze-Android, okungukuthi, basebenzisa i-AOSP (i-Android Open Source Project) kodwa ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Google, ngakho-ke basese-Android.
Shintsha isistimu yokusebenza ye-Android?
Uma wake wacabanga ukushintsha i-Android yolunye uhlelo lokusebenza, nazi izizathu zokuthi kungani kungumbono omubi kakhulu.
Ukuhambisana komshayeli
Ukuze into isebenze ohlelweni olusebenzayo, njengemodemu yezokuxhumana, isistimu yokusebenza kufanele ifakwe amadrayivu ahambisanayo, ngaphandle kwesistimu yokusebenza.
Iningi lezinto esingazithola ngaphakathi kwe-Android smartphone zisekelwa kuphela nge-Android. Ngeke ukuthole ukwesekwa kwalezi zingxenye, noma ngabe zikujwayelekile kanjani kwezinye izinhlelo ezisebenza njengeWindows Phone, Firefox OS, Tizen OS, Ubuntu, Sailfish, webOS ...
Izinkinga zokusebenza
Ngokuhlobene nesigaba esedlule, sizophinde sithole nezinkinga zokusebenza, uma kwesinye isikhathi singenza uhlelo lokusebenza lusebenze ocingweni.
Uma sikwazi ukufaka noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Android, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izici zedivayisi zingasebenzi, njengokuxhumeka kwe-Wi-Fi, ukuxhumana kwedatha, i-bluetooth ... nokuthola izishayeli ezidingekayo kungaba ngumsebenzi owesabekayo uma singenalo ulwazi olufanele.
Uzolahlekelwa iwaranti
Uma i-smartphone lapho ufuna ukuhlola olunye uhlelo lokusebenza ingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala, ngokufaka olunye uhlelo lokusebenza, uzolahlekelwa iwaranti yomenzi, ngakho-ke kunconywa kuphela ukuzama ukwenza le nqubo kwi-smartphone endala.
Ngeke ukwazi ukubuyisela i-terminal kwisimo sayo sangempela
Enye inkinga esibhekene nayo ukuthi ngeke sikwazi ukubuyisela idivayisi esimweni sayo sangempela, ngoba le nqubo idinga ukususa noma yikuphi ukulandelela kwangaphambilini okugcinwe kudivayisi, kufaka phakathi isipele esivumela ukubuyisa idivayisi kusukela ekuqaleni.