Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokushintsha, enye yazo inkinobho ye-ethernet. Idivayisi esetshenziswa kabanzi kweminye imizi edinga ukuxhuma amadivayisi amaningi kunethiwekhi ngokufaka izintambo, emahhovisi, kanye nakumaseva. Futhi, ngaphandle kokuthi amanethiwekhi angenantambo abekiwe, kusencike kakhulu ekuthembekeni kwekhebula.
Uma udinga enye yale mishini yenethiwekhi, iqiniso ukuthi zilula kakhulu engxenyeni enkulu, yize kukhona ezinye ezithuthuke kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, akulula khetha okulungile kwezinye izimo. Uma kufanele wazi imininingwane ethile yezobuchwepheshe ezokusiza ekukhetheni, kanye namamodeli amahle kakhulu ongawathola emakethe.
Izinhlobo ezinhle zokushintsha ze-Ethernet
Lezi ngezinye ze amamodeli anikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu Uma kukhulunywa ngokushintsha kwe-Ethernet yekhaya noma kwehhovisi:
Ingxenye #: D-Link DXS-1100-10T
- 19 ”i-rack-mountable, isigaba sebhizinisi, ukusebenza okuphezulu, switchable switch switch nge-1U ye ...
- Inamachweba we-8 10 Gigabit Ethernet namachweba we-2 10 GbE SFP +
Ukusho ukuthi i-D-Link DXS-1100-10T isebenzisa amagama amakhulu. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ingenye yezinto ezibiza kakhulu, kepha kuyithuluzi lobuchwepheshe elingaba umphelelisi omkhulu wenkampani. Le divayisi isekela isivinini esifika ku-10 Gbps (NBASE-T) ne-fiber optics.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iswishi inayo Izimbobo eziyi-8 10Gbit LAN (RJ-45), kanye namachweba ama-2 SFP + we-fiber optics. Futhi uma lokho kungenele, kusebenza ngokusebenza okuphezulu futhi kungabekwa ku-19 ″ rack futhi kuhlale ukuphakama kwe-1U, ukufakwa kumakhabethe eseva.
Kubuye futhi ubuchwepheshe obungavimbi ukushintshela kuma-Gbits angama-200 ngomzuzwana ngaphandle kokuvimba phakathi kwamadivayisi ahlukile axhunyiwe, netafula le-MAC lokufika okungu-16.384 I-firmware yale divayisi futhi ingcono kakhulu ongayithola emakethe.
INetgear Nighthawk SX10
- I-10G ishesha ngokuphindwe kayishumi kune-10G - isekela wonke amadivayisi we-multi-gigabit ngamandla ebafanele
- Lawula ukubambezeleka futhi wehlise ama-spikes we-lag: elungiselelwe ukugembula, umkhawulo wokufinyelela komkhawulokudonsa ...
Enye yamamodeli wokushintsha we-Ethernet angcono kakhulu ongayithola ngu-el INetgear Nighthawk SX10. Lokhu futhi kuyimodeli efanelekile, yize kungabizi kakhulu kunangaphambilini. Ilungele amahhovisi noma imidlalo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu nokwenza kahle (kunciphisa ukubambezeleka) kwalezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Su isivinini esiphezulu ngu-10Gbps (NBASE-T) yamachweba ayo ama-2, lapho kufanele sengeze amanye amachweba ayi-8 asebenza e-1Gbps. Kulokhu, i-firmware nayo inhle kakhulu, inenqwaba yemisebenzi nezilungiselelo ongakhetha kuzo.
I-D-Link DGS-108
- I-chassis yensimbi yokumelana okukhulu nokushabalalisa okungcono kokushisa, okuhumushela kokukhulu ...
- Xhuma futhi udlale, akukho ukucushwa okudingekayo
Uma okudingayo kungukuthi into eshibhile ekhaya lakho, lapho-ke i-D-Link DGS-108 ingenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu kuwe. Iqembu elinokusebenza okuhle, ukuqina okukhulu, nokushisa okuhle ngenxa yokushiswa kwayo kwensimbi okuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngaphandle kokuphumula ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Inejubane le-1Gbps (1000BASE-T) enamachweba ayi-8. Ukucushwa kwayo kulula kakhulu ukuthi udinga ukuxhumana kuphela futhi kuzosebenza. Futhi uma uke Insiza ye-Inthanethi ye-TV, Ine-IGMP Snooping, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kuzoqinisekiswa ukuze kungabikho amaconsi acasulayo.
Ingxenye #: TP-Link TL-SG108
- [8-port gigabit switch] - 8 45/10 / 100Mbps RJ1000 port ngokutholwa kwejubane okuzenzakalelayo, ukusekelwa kwe ...
- Ubuchwepheshe be-ethernet eluhlaza bonga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla
Enye indlela eya ku-D-Link edlule yile TP-Link, ngokulinganayo eshibhile futhi ephelele emakhaya noma emahhovisi azidingi okuningi. Kulokhu, inejubane elifinyelela ku-1Gbps namachweba ayi-8 RJ-45.
Kubalwa futhi I-IGMP Ukusnuza kulabo abasebenzisa izinsizakalo ze-IPTV, futhi iphinde yafakwa ne-chassis yensimbi esebenza njengesiishi sokushisa, ukuyivimba ukuthi ingashisi lapho isetshenziswa kakhulu.
Kuyini ukushintsha?
Un shintsha, noma shintsha, iyidivayisi evumela ukuthi amadivayisi amaningi axhumeke kunethiwekhi. Ngale ndlela, wonke amadivayisi angaxhunyaniswa kunethiwekhi yendawo noma i-LAN. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, kuleli cala, izolandela izinga le-Ethernet (IEEE 802.3).
Umehluko phakathi kwehabhu neswith
Kukhona lokho hlukanisa phakathi kweHub ne-switch, ngoba yize benemisebenzi efanayo kakhulu, iqiniso ukuthi banokuhluka okuthile. Isibonelo, ukuthi Amafreyimu athunyelwa kanjani. Lokho wukuthi, indlela othunyelwa ngayo amafreyimu enethiwekhi ukuhambisa imininingwane.
Endabeni izikhungo inethiwekhi, lawa mafreyimu, noma uchungechunge lwamabhithi, athunyelwa kuwo wonke amadivayisi axhunywe kuhabhu ngokulinganayo. Esikhundleni salokho, ekushintsheni zizothunyelwa kuphela kudivayisi ekhonjiwe. Ngamanye amagama, ihabhu belizosebenza njengesela logesi elijwayelekile elenza ipulagi eyodwa iphenduke amaningana.
Esikhundleni salokho, inkinobho, njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, iziphatha njengokushintsha, ushintsha phakathi kwemiphumela ehlukene ukuthumela imininingwane kudivayisi efanele. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ibe nehadiwe ethe xaxa futhi inikezwe amandla okubona lapho kufanele iqondise khona imininingwane.
Por ejemploCabanga ukuthi une-PC exhunywe kuswishi, kanye nephrinta yenethiwekhi. Uma enye idivaysi exhunyiwe ithumela imininingwane ukuphrinta idokhumende, lolo lwazi akudingeki luye kwi-adaptha yenethiwekhi ye-PC, kepha luye kuphrinta ...
Isebenza kanjani iswishi?
Amanethiwekhi amaningi axhumeke kuswishi ane- inkanyezi topology. Okusho ukuthi, lapho usebenzisa i-Ethernet LAN ukucushwa kuzosetshenziswa lapho wonke amadivayisi exhunywe kuswishi ephakathi.
Njengoba ngishilo, yenza ngokushintsha sibonga ukujikeleza kwayo ne-processor. Ngakho-ke, bazothumela amaphakethe enethiwekhi ngokukhipha okufanele. Idivayisi ngayinye exhunyiwe ngeke ithole into efanayo nehabhu, kepha ingenza sengathi zonke zixhunywe kwi-router ngokuzimela.
Nakhu ukuthi uyithola kanjani ukwanda kwenethiwekhi kukhula ukuxhuma amadivayisi amaningi. Okuthile okuwusizo kakhulu kumadivayisi axhunyiwe emakhaya, emahhovisi nasezinkampanini ezinkulu.
Futhi kufanele wazi ukuthi ungagcina i-a umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, ngoba ekushintsheni idatha ayiphindaphindwe echwebeni ngalinye lakhona njengasesikhungweni lapho ama-node amabili ezama ukuxhumana. Iswishi izosebenzisa ikheli le-MAC ledivayisi ngayinye exhunywe ukuyikhomba, futhi ngaleyo ndlela idlulise imininingwane phakathi kwe-node yokuthumela ne-node yokuthola ngendlela eyingqayizivele.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhabhu isivinini sashintshwa saba phansi kwejubane amadivayisi axhunyiwe lapho edlulisa phakathi kwawo. Akunjalo kokunye ...
Ngidinga iswishi ye-Ethernet?
Umsebenzi oyisisekelo ngu Joyina noma xhuma amadivayisi amaningi kunethiwekhi. Kepha akufanele uyidide ne-router, ngoba iswishi ye-Ethernet ayinikeli ukuxhumana kwamanye amanethiwekhi noma kwi-Intanethi. Ngamanye amagama, ukuze amadivayisi axhumeke kwi-Intanethi, inkinobho nayo idinga ukuxhumeka ku-router.
Kepha lapho uxhuma amadivayisi wenethiwekhi amaningi ngeswishi, ungenza izinto ezifana:
- Yabelana ngemininingwane phakathi kwamakhompyutha amaningi axhunyiwe.
- Sebenzisa amaphrinta enethiwekhi.
- Yenza i-router ikhawulelwe emachwebeni ukuze yabelane ngokuxhumana kwayo namadivayisi amaningi ngenxa yokushintsha kwenani lamachweba atholakalayo.
Vele, uma uxhuma iswidi ne-router yakho, khumbula ukuthi isivinini sokuxhuma kuwo wonke amadivayisi axhunyiwe azokhawulelwa ngejubane lenethiwekhi yakho. Lokho wukuthi, iswishi izokwabelana ngejubane le-Intanethi, kepha ngeke iliphindaphinde ...
Izinhlobo Zokushintsha ze-Ethernet
Kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokushintshwa kwe-Ethernet emakethe. Okuvelele kakhulu yilokhu:
- Ubuso bekhompyutha: yizona eziyisisekelo kakhulu, ngaphandle kokunye okwengeziwe. Yizo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekhaya. Imvamisa zinamachweba ama-4 kuye kwayi-8. Ijubane labo livame ukuba yi-1/10/100 Mbps, esebenza ngendlela ye-half-duplex ne-full-duplex.
- Ipherimitha engalawuleki- Isetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi amancane wokungena okuphakathi. Zikhudlwana ngandlela thize futhi zibiza kakhulu kunezangaphambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangaba namachweba ama-4 kuye kwangama-24 kwezinye izimo. Ijubane layo lingu-10/100 Mbps futhi lifinyelela ku-1Gbps.
- Ipherimitha ephathekayo: efana neyedlule, kepha yamanethiwekhi wokusebenza aphezulu / aphakathi nendawo. Amachweba ayo avela ku-16 kuye ku-48, futhi anezivinini zokumisa ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokuphathwa okwenziwe ngezifiso.
- Iziqu zemaphakathi: zisetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi aphakathi nokusebenza okuphezulu nemisebenzi esezingeni eliphakeme. Abanye futhi bangafinyelela isivinini se-10Gbps.
- Iziqu zokusebenza okuphezulu: zisetshenziswa kumaseva amakhulu wesikhungo sedatha naku-supercomputing (HPC). Ayabiza kakhulu futhi athuthukile, usayizi wawo ubuye ukhulu impela, futhi anikela ngejubane eliphakeme kakhulu.
Ukuthenga Amathiphu Wokushintshwa Kwe-Ethernet
para khetha iswishi enhle ye-Ethernet, kufanele ucabangele izinto eziningi. Uma ucabangela le mingcele, ukuthengwa kufanele kube yimpumelelo, ngaphandle kokumangala noma ukukhungathekisa idivayisi oyithengile ngenxa yemikhawulo ethile yayo.
Kuhle Shintsha Brands
Uma ufuna umshini onokwethenjelwa nohlala isikhathi lapho umthwalo uzoba mkhulu, khona-ke kufanele ubheke izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungahle ukhathazeke kakhulu ngama-glitches kunokujabulela ngempela lokho okunikezayo.
I-Las brand best Labo engibancomayo yiCisco, Netgear, TP-Link, D-Link, Juniper, ne-ASUS. Zonke zinikela ngezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke uma ukhetha noma imuphi kumamodeli wabo, akufanele ube nezinkinga eziningi kakhulu ngesikhathi besebenzisa.
Isivinini
La velocity Iswishi ye-Ethernet ingahluka ngokuya ngedivayisi, kepha kufanele njalo ubheke lokho okudingayo ngokuya ngohlelo ozolusebenzisa ngalo. Isibonelo, akufani ukusebenzisa iswishi ye-Ethernet yeseva, kunasekhaya.
Impela usuvele uyazi ukuthi ikhona I-Ethernet, i-Fast Ethernet, iGigabit Ethernet, njll. Ekhaya nasehhovisi, iGigabit Ethernet (1000BASET-T) kufanele yanele, ngoba isivinini esifinyelela ku-1 Gbps siyatholwa. Lokho kufanelekile ngobuningi bezinhlelo zokusebenza nokudlala. Esikhundleni salokho, i-10 Gigabit (10GbE) noma ngaphezulu izodingeka ebhizinisini nakwamanye amanethiwekhi wokusebenza okuphezulu.
Este uhlobo lobuchwepheshe noma amazinga Abathinti kuphela ijubane, kepha futhi nohlobo lwendawo edluliswa ngayo, ubude bezintambo, njll. Ngokwesibonelo:
- 10BASET-T- Indinganiso ye-Ethernet isebenzisa ikhebula le-UTP le-cat3 elingavikelekile elinezixhumi ze-RJ-45. I-10 ikhombisa ukuthi isekela isivinini se-Mbps eziyi-10.Ubude obukhulu ngamamitha ayi-100 wokufaka iklabishi. Ngaphezu kwalokho kungadala izinkinga.
- I-1000BASET-TX: ibizwa nge-Fast Ethernet, okungukuthi, ngejubane elifinyelela ku-100Mbps. Isebenzisa uhlobo olufanayo lwekati le-cat5, i-cat5e, ne-cat6 UTP, elinobude obukhulu bamamitha ayi-100.
- I-1000BASE-T- Isebenzisa i-UTB cat5 noma iklabishi ephakeme, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-100 ubude. Ijubane kuleli cala lingu-1000 Mbps noma, okufanayo, i-1Gbps.
- 100BASE-FX: Kufana ne-100BASE-T, kepha ku-fiber optic cabling. Kulokhu ubude bufinyelela kumamitha angama-412.
- I-1000BASE-X: Ifana ne-1000BASE-T, kepha ngentambo ye-fiber. Uzothola ama-subtypes amaningana, njenge-SX, LX, EX, ZX, ne-CX, ngokuhluka okuncane. Ngokuya ngalokho, zingaba ngamamitha angama-25 ubude bekhebula, ziye ngisho nakumakhilomitha.
- 10GbE: ibizwa nangokuthi i-XGbE. Ngama-subtypes amaningana angaxhasa ikhebula le-UTP ne-fiber optic ngejubane le-10Gbps.
Kunamazinga amaningi nezinguqulo, kepha lezi ngezinye zezinto ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwemishini oyidingayo ekhaya noma ehhovisi.
Port kwabantu
Njengoba ubonile, akuwona wonke amamodeli wokushintsha we-Ethernet anenani elifanayo lamachweba. Kukhona kusuka kwabangu-4 kuya kwabayishumi nambili babo. Lokhu kubalulekile lapho ukhetha okulungile, ngoba kufanele ubone kusengaphambili inani lamachweba odinga ukuwaxhuma ukuze ukwazi ukuba nawo wonke.
Ungahlala uthenga iswishi ye-Ethernet yesibili uma ulahlekile, kepha lokho akuyona i-optical kakhulu. Ngakho-ke cabanga ngawo wonke amadivayisi ozowaxhuma, womabili amadivayisi we-home automation, i-IoT, ama-PC, amaphrinta enethiwekhi, njll. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele ube nezimbobo ezimbalwa ongazigcina uma kwenzeka unquma ukwandisa i-repertoire yakho yemishini ngokuzayo.
Akufanele uthenge iswishi enamachweba amaningi kakhulu., ngoba intengo yayo ivame ukuba phezulu kakhulu futhi uzobe uchitha imali ongeke ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa. Ngakho-ke, yima uhlole ukuthi yini oyidingayo ngempela.
By indlela okunye ukushintshwa kwaphakathi naphezulu kunikela ngamachweba we-modular ngaphandle kohlobo oluthile lwembobo. Lokho kukuvumela ukuthi uthenge amamojula ethekwini ahlukile futhi ngaleyo ndlela uvumelane nanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Isibonelo, ungafaka amamojula we-fiber optic, noma amamojula we-RJ-45, we-RJ-11, njll.
Ekushintsheni okuphansi sekuvele bafika namachweba ngqo, futhi kwezinye izimo zamabanga aphezulu futhi. Kepha uma uhlangabezana nelinye lalawa machweba we-modular, kufanele ukwazi lokho kukhona ama-GBIC (IGigabit Interface Converter) yezintambo ze-UTP kuGigabit Ethernet; y i-SFP (Ifomu elincane leFomu-Puggable), noma i-mini-GBIC, esetshenziselwa iGigabit noma i-10GbE ngentambo ye-fiber noma ye-UTP.
Ukuphathwa
Lapho ngikhombise izinhlobo zokushintsha ze-Ethernet, ukwazile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zikhona ephathekayo futhi engalawuleki. Yebo, lezo ezilawulwayo zibiza kakhulu, kepha zivumela amandla amakhulu wokumisa. Ngenkathi lezi zamuva zishibhile futhi zisebenziseka kalula, kepha ngaphandle kokuguquguquka okuningi.
Ukungalawuleki futhi okungabizi kakhulu, kuza nokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo okuvele kusungulwe efektri. Lokhu kuzomane kuzixhume bese ziqala ukusebenza, ngaphandle kokuthi wenze noma yini. Kuyinto ntofontofo kakhulu, futhi yibo Kunconywa kubantu abangenalo nofifi ngamasethingi enethiwekhi.
Kepha uma ufuna okuthile okwengeziwe, into ephathekayo ine-firmware ethuthukile ongakwazi lungiselela ngobuningi bezici (I-CLI, SNMP, VLAN, umzila we-IP, IGMP Snooping, Link Aggregation, QoS,…). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhawulela umkhawulokudonsa futhi wenze okunye ukumisa okuzothinta ukusebenza nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Kungakho zilungele ochwepheshe noma amanethiwekhi athuthukile.
Njengamanje kukhona nezinye ukushintshwa okuhlakaniphile ezikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ezinye izici ngentengo emaphakathi phakathi kokungalawuleki nokuphatheka. Zinhle kakhulu emakhaya anamuhla adinga okungaphezulu kancane kwalokho okunikezwa okungalawuleki, kepha ngentengo eshibhile.
I-Firmware
Uma ukhetha okungalawuleki, i-firmware ibaluleke kancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kukhulunywa ngokushintsha okuthuthukile okuthe xaxa, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi i-firmware yinhle. Futhi ikakhulukazi ukuthi umhlinzeki wemishini yenethiwekhi uyayigcina kahle, okungukuthi, ukuthi ayivuselele njalo.
Una phuthukisa i-firmware ayikuvumeli kuphela ukwengeza eminye imisebenzi njengoba abanye abantu becabanga. Kuyinto engalungisa ukuba sengozini okuthinta ukuphepha kwe-rd yakho, ukulungisa izimbungulu ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwekhompyutha, noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinye izimo.
Ezinye izici
Ekugcineni futhi kufanele ucabangele okunye okungeziwe ukuthi amanye amamodeli wokushintsha kwenethiwekhi anakho. Okuphawuleka kakhulu yile:
- Usayizi wesikhana: i-buffer iyisidina, uhlobo lwenqolobane eligcina idatha ngokushesha isikhathi esithile. Le yindlela okuthuthuka ngayo ukusebenza. Endabeni yokunye ukushintshwa, banazo lezi zinkumbulo ezigcina amafreyimu azothunyelwa ethekwini elithile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokho kuvumela iswishi ye-Ethernet ukuthi idlulise phakathi kwamadivayisi asebenza ngejubane elihlukile ngaphandle kokuncipha, igcina kuphela idatha kule memori ngenkathi idivayisi ehamba kancane inesikhathi sokubuyisa leyo datha ngejubane layo. Qiniseka ukuthi inkinobho inamakhono amahle alezi zinkumbulo zesikhashana uma uzosebenzisa amadivayisi ngejubane elihlukile ...
- I-PoE (Amandla ngaphezulu kwe-Ethernet) ne-PoE +: lobu ubuchwepheshe obusekelwa ukushintshwa okuthile futhi okuvumela amandla kagesi lawa madivayisi ukuthi asebenze ukuthi anikezwe ngentambo efanayo ye-LAN. Lokho wukuthi, babengeke badinge intambo yamandla ehlukile. Lokhu akubalulekile, kepha kungaba kuhle ezimweni lapho ukufakwa kwe-Ethernet kuzofakwa endaweni engenawo ama-plugs.
- I-SDN (Network-Defined Networking): iqoqo lamasu wenethiwekhi wokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi wesoftware. Njengamanje izinga elisetshenziswa kakhulu evulekile yi-OpenFlow. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlele amanethiwekhi, uphathe indlela yedatha okufanele ilandelwe ngamaphakethe, ukuphathwa okukude, njll. Akuyona into edingekayo emakhaya amaningi nasemahhovisi, kepha kuyinto edingekayo lapho ufuna ukumisa amanethiwekhi athe xaxa.