Nhasi tajaira kuzvishandisa uye chikamu chehupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese, anenge edu pachedu. Isu tinoreva nharembozha, nhasi kare smartphones iyo yatinogona kubatana nayo kune internet uye kuita zviuru zvezvinhu. Zvisinei, nharembozha yekutanga munhoroondo Haina kuona chiedza kusvika 1983. Yaiva mufananidzo Motorola DynaTAC 8000X, izvo zvatiri kuzotaura nezvazvo mune ino post.
Nhoroondo yezvishandiso izvi yakareba kupfuura zvinoita, asi chinonyanya kushamisa kushanduka kwayo kunoshamisa. Iwo ekutanga nharembozha aingoshuvira kukwanisa kupa masevhisi ekufona pasina kushandisa tambo kana zvigadziriso zvakagadziriswa, nhare dzaigona kushandiswa chero kupi, chero paine mukana wakakwana. Hapana chekuita nezvinhu zvese zvinogona kuitwa nhasi ne smartphone. Asi iroro rakanga riri danho rokutanga raifanira kutorwa. Uye munhu akazvipa ndiye Martin Cooper.
Injiniya uyu kubva Motorola yakagadzira prototype yakareruka: iyo Motorola DynaTAC 8000X yaive nhare yairema 1,1 kg uye yaipa maminetsi makumi matatu ekuzvimiririra kufona kana kugamuchira. Mushure menguva iyoyo, yaifanira kubhadharwa, iyo yaunofanira kuva nemoyo murefu, sezvo pasina maawa asingasviki gumi aidiwa kuti apedze recharge. Sevashandisi, nhasi zvese izvi zvinoita sezvisingagamuchirwi, asi panguva iyoyo yaive shanduko yechokwadi. Izwi rekuti TAC raive acronym ye Total Area Coverage.
Cooper anonzi piyona. Sezvo iye pachake akatsanangura kakawanda, akawana kurudziro yekugadzirwa kwake muStar Trek series, apo Captain Kirk akashandisa nhare yekukurukurirana yakafanana nezvatinonzwisisa nhasi senhare.
Kuenzaniswa nemhando dzazvino, iyo DynaTAC 800X ichokwadi "bhiri". Kwete chete nekuda kwehuremu hwayo, asiwo nekuda kwehukuru hwayo (33 cm kureba x 8,9 yakafara uye 4,5 cm mukobvu). Pamusoro pazvo, yaidhura zvisingaite, chinhu cheumbozha chakatanga kutengeswa neUS$4.000. Uye zvakadaro anopfuura 300.000 mayuniti akatengeswa!
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yaibvawo munharembozha iyi kwayaitumirwa SMS yekutanga zvachose. Waive Zvita 1985 uye meseji yaive "Merry Kisimusi!"
Shure
Pasina kukanganisa kubva kuCooper u kana zvishoma, chokwadi ndechekuti pfungwa yenharembozha yaive yatove mupfungwa dzemainjiniya akawanda makore angangoita zana apfuura. Uye ndezvekuti muma20s pakanga patova neprototypes ye wireless communication systems, yakanyatsogadzirirwa kuiswa mumotokari.
Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, kambani AT & T (iyo panguva iyoyo yakanga ine monopoly yerunhare muUnited States) yakaratidza hurongwa hunonzi Mobile Telephone Service, izvo zvaive zvisiri izvo kunze kweizvozvo: yekutanga nharembozha chikumbiro munhoroondo. Pfungwa iyi yaida kufambiswa kwakakosha kwemitoo. Iyo system yaive yakaiswa mukati me trunk yemota, yakabatana kune dashboard kuburikidza netambo. Kure kure nepfungwa yehomwe nharembozha yatinayo nhasi.
Mudziyo wakakura uyu wakaderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma muhukuru uye muma60 waigona kutokwana mubhegi. Zvakazoitwa naCooper zvakatevera kwaive kutevedzera mutsara uyu kusvika agadzira mudziyo unogoneka, yekutanga mbozhanhare.
Kushanduka kwemafoni
Zvichitevera nzira yakavhurwa neMotorola DynaTAC 8000X, nharembozha yekutanga munhoroondo, makambani mazhinji pasi rese akatanga kugadzira mhando dzenharembozha dzavo. Nenzira iyi, mamwe achiri nyore mamodheru akaona mwenje, senge Mobira Cityman naNokia, yakatangwa muna 1987, nhare “chete” yairema 760 gramu.
Yekutanga shanduko yekusvetuka munyika yenharembozha yakauya mumakore gumi anotevera, neinonzi chizvarwa che2G. Yekutanga 2G modhi yaive iyo Nokia 1011, kubva muna 1993, yekutanga munhevedzano yemhando dzinowedzera kureruka, ine mapfupi antenna uye matete casings.
Inobvawo panguva imwe chete simon kubva ibm, kubva muna 1994, chikuru chisingazivikanwi. Vakawanda vanofunga kuti iyi modhi ndiyo yekutanga smartphone munhoroondo, sezvo yaive yekutanga kupa touch screen uye kubatanidza maapplication. Pamberi pekutanga kwezana ramakore, nharembozha dzine kiibhodhi dzaizosvikawo, mavambo emukurumbira Blackberry, clamshell kana kupeta nharembozha, pamwe nenhare dzine chidzitiro cheruvara, senge Siemens S10 1998. Ndidzo dzaive nguva apo Nokia neMotorola dzaitonga musika.
Nekutanga kwezana remakore takatanga kuona nhare dzakashongedzwa nemakamera ane mwero (hapana chekuita neaya emhando dzazvino) uye nekudaro, mu2001, 3G nharembozha dzakasvika. Panguva iyoyo, mbozha mbozha yakanga yatove chishandiso chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika yese. Mamwe emhando dzenguva iyoyo, senge Nokia 3310 richiri kushandiswa nanhasi.
iPhone uye smartphone pfungwa
Muna 2007, kuonekwa kwe kutanga iPhone Chaive chimwe chiitiko chikuru munhoroondo yemidziyo iyi. Iyo QWERTY keyboard nemabhatani emuviri akange aenda, akatsiviwa nekubata interface. Shanduko iyi yakaita kuti kuve nechidzitiro chikuru chekutarisa internet zviri nyore. Iyo smartphone kana smart phone yaive yatove chokwadi chakauya kuzoshandura hupenyu hwedu.
Kubudirira kukuru kwe iPhone kwakaita kuti Google iite chimwe chinhu. Kubva ipapo, takapinda izvozvo makwikwi kana kukwikwidzana pakati peIOS ne Android. Zvimwe zvacho inhoroondo. Mumakore achangopfuura, takaona kutangwa kwemamodheru matsva, nguva yega yega yakaoma uye ine simba. Isu takaonawo kuitwa kwe5G tekinoroji uye kuratidzwa kweiyo ramangwana prototypes ine kugona uye maficha anoita seakatorwa kubva mufirimu rekunyepedzera.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kwave kunewo kuchinja kukuru mumusika. Pamusoro peApple, ikozvino kune maAsia brands (Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi nevamwe) avo vanotonga chikamu. Zvinoita sezvisingadaviriki kuti idzi nhare dzinoshamisa ndivo vatsivi veiyo rudimentary Motorola DynaTAC 8000X. Uye zvakadaro, zvese zvakatanga naye, nefoni yekutanga munhoroondo. Hatifaniri kuzvikanganwa.