Maitiro ekusunungura chirongwa muUtu

Kana tikataura nezveLinux, tinofanirwa kutaura nezve Ubuntu, kuzivikanwa kwakanyanya kweLinux. Mazhinji ndiwo ma distros ayo akavakirwa paUbuntu, nekudaro, maitiro ekuita mabasa, senge kuburitsa mafomu, zvakangofanana, maitiro akanyatsoita chaizvo.

Kana isu tichitaura nezvekuparadzirwa kweLinux, isuwo tinofanirwa kutaura nezve dzimwe sarudzo dzinonakidza senge Debian, Fedora, Kali Mint o CentOS kutumidza chakakurumbira. Linux distros inowanzo kuwanikwa mushanduro mbiri: raira yekuraira (isina graphical interface) uye desktop vhezheni (ine Windows-senge interface).

Zvisinei nemashandisirwo ayo, isu tinokuratidza pazasi nzira mbiri dzekubvisa zvirongwa muUbuntu.

Uninstall chirongwa muUbuntu

Sezvo ini ndataura pamusoro, Ubuntu (pane Linux), inoisa kwatinogona mapindiro maviri anotibvumidza kusangana neanoshanda system: raira mutsara uye girafu. Kana iwe wakashandisa macOS nguva dzose kwemakore, iwe unozoziva kuti yakawanda yemirairo iripo, iyo Apple inoshanda sisitimu yemakomputa emakomputa yakavakirwa (muchikamu) paUnix, iwo akafanana zvakafanana kana akafanana.

Kwakatangira Unix inodzokera kumashure ekutanga makumi manomwe, chirongwa chekushandisa chakanyorwa chose mumutauro weC uyo waive weAt & T opareta, uyo aitengesa marezinesi kumayunivhesiti uye zvishoma gare gare kuruzhinji rwevanhu. Iyo kodhi haigone kuchinjwa sezvo yanga isiri Open Source, kunyange izvo zvisina kudzivirira maitiro akasiyana kuti asaonekwe, neFree BSD iri inonyanya kufarirwa.

Linux yakatanga rwendo rwayo muna 1983 neruoko rwaRobert Stallman (kunyange Izvo hazvina kuve zvakakurumbira kusvika kutanga kwema90s neruoko rwaLinus Torvalds), inoenderana chete nekushanda kweUnix, kwete pane kodhi yayo nechinangwa chekuvaka Unix-senge inoshanda sisitimu iyo inogona kugoverwa zvakasununguka uye zvemahara. Linux yaive yakavakirwa, muchidimbu, paMINIX, musiyano weUnix, kunyange hazvo kodhi yayo yese yakanyorwa kubva pakutanga.

Mumwe mutsauko pakati peUnix neLinux ndewekuti while Unix yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamaseva, Linux inoitirwa kushandiswa pamakomputa ega, zvakanyanya kusimba pane maseva anoshandiswa Unix. Muchokwadi, Linux ndiyo sisitimu inoshanda iyo yatinogona kuwana mumidziyo yakawanda yemagetsi senge NAS, makamera ekuongorora uye kunyangwe mune mamwe mafoni.

Iine graphical interface (desktop)

• Chinhu chekutanga chatinofanira kuita kuwana iyo Software maneja o Software Center (Imwe neimwe Linux distro inogona kunge iine zita rakasiyana naro).
• Tevere, tinotsvaga chirongwa icho chatinoda kusunungura uye sarudza iyo tebhu Yakaiswa / Yakaiswa.
• Tevere, isu tinosarudza iyo application yatiri kuda kubvisa uye tinya pane bhatani Uninstall / Bvisa.

Neraira tambo

Kuita izvi, isu tinofanirwa kuziva zita rekushandisa izvo zvatinoda kubvisa, sezvo tichifanira kuzvinyora sezvazvinoratidzwa pakombuta yedu. Kana tangoziva ruzivo irworwo, isu tinoenderera zvinotevera.

• Kutanga, isu tinovhura iyo yekuraira koni kuburikidza neiyi kiyi yekubatanidza Kudzora + Alt + D.
• Ipapo tinonyora
  • apt-tora -purge bvisa chirongwa-zita
• tinodzvanya Enter uye tinonyora password yemutungamiri uye tinodzvanya Enter zvakare.

Maitiro ekuisa kunyorera muUbuntu

Iine graphical interface (desktop)

Kana iyo Ubuntu vhezheni (kana chero imwe Linux distro) inoshandisa desktop desktop, maitiro ekuisa application yakafanana neWindows uye macOS. Isu tinongofanirwa kurodha pasi faira iine .dev kuwedzera uye tinya pane chishandiso kuti utange iyo yekumisikidza maitiro.

Neraira tambo

Kuburikidza nemutsetse wekuraira, tinogona zvakare kumisikidza chero kunyorera muUbuntu kuburikidza nemurairo:

• • apt-tora kuisa chirongwa-zita (kusanganisira iyo .dev yekuwedzera).

Uchishandisa iyo yekuraira nzira nzira, chinja iro izwi bvisa (rinoshandiswa kusunungura maapplication) ne install.

Iwo akanakisa ekunyorera kweLinux

Kunyangwe paine zvakawanda zvekushandisa izvo mukuwedzera pakupa vhezheni zveWindows uye macOS, inowanikwawo neLinuxMukati meiyi sisitimu yekushandisa isu tinazvo nhamba hombe yesarudzo ine zvishoma kana isina chinhu chekugodora mamwe masisitimu anoshanda.

Multimedia kunyorera kweLinux

• VLC. VLC mutambi anotibvumidza tamba chero mhando yezvinyorwa zvemultimedia iyo inosvika kuchikwata chedu, pasina chikonzero chekuisa chero codec.
• Guvva. Zviri nezve yakavhurwa sosi imba yemitambo software iyo inopa masimba kuvaraidzwa kwepamba uye inoenderana nechero mudziyo. Icho chishandiso chinoronga uye chinotibvumidza isu kunyanya kutamba mavhidhiyo uye mimhanzi yatakachengeta pakombuta yedu, kunyange ichitipawo mukana wekushambadzira masevhisi.
• Audacity. Kana iwe uri kutsvaga kunyorera ku rekodha uye gadzirisa odhiyo mumadhijitari fomati, Iwe hausi kuzowana iri nani app kupfuura iyi.
• xmms. Kana izvo zvaunoda zviri rtamba mafaera ekuteerera Mune chero fomati, iko kunyorera kwaunoda uye kunozadzisa zvese zvaunoda ndeye XMMS.

Kugadzirisa / Kufananidza Zvikumbiro zveLinux

• GIMP. SaVLC ndiyo yakanakisa yemultimedia yemukati mutambi, kana tikataura nezvekugadzirisa mifananidzo, tinofanirwa kutaura nezveGIMP, iyo yakanakisa yemahara imwe nzira kune Photoshop uye kuti mukuwedzera, inowanikwawo paWindows uye macOS.
• Inkscape anotibvumira gadzira vector mifananidzo nekukurumidza, nyore uye zvachose mahara.

Kubudirira zvibodzwa zveLinux

• PDFEdit, Kana iwe uchishanda kazhinji ne mafaera muPDF fomatiiyo application yaunoda pakombuta yako PDFEdit, application inotibvumidza kuita chero rudzi rwebasa neiyi Adobe faira fomati.
• Caliber. Caliber inyanzvi kuverenga e-bhuku inoenderana nemhando dzese dzee-bhuku mafomati.
• Evince. Evince ndeye PDF gwaro rinoona uye PostScript iyo inotibvumidza isu kuvhura iyi fomati nekukurumidza.
• LibreOffice. Kana tichitaura nezvemahara software uye kunyanya Linux, tinofanirwa kutaura nezve LibreOffice kana zvasvika kune gadzira chero gwaro, ringave maspredishiti, dhatabhesi, mharidzo… Yakanakisa sarudzo kuMicrosoft Office yeWindows ndeLibreOffice.
• NeoFetch. NeoFetch chishandiso chinopa ruzivo rwese nezve system senge desktop nharaunda vhezheni, kernel vhezheni, bash vhezheni uye GTK theme inomhanya pachirongwa.
• VMWare. VMWare yakanaka pakuisa akawanda masisitimu anoshanda pa michina chaiyo pasina kukosha kwekugadzira zvimwe zvikamu.
• Virtual Bhokisi. Iyi yekushandisa application inotibvumidza kumhanyisa mamwe masisitimu anoshanda, kusanganisira Windows pamushini unogadziriswa neLinux.
• Mozilla Thunderbird. Kana iwe uchitsvaga iyo karenda uye email app yeLinux, iwe unofanirwa kupa Mozilla Thunderbird kuyedza, karenda inotibvumidzawo isu kubata mabasa. Ichi chishandiso chinowanikwawo paWindows uye macOS.
• Stacer. Iyo yakavhurika sosi PC optimizer uye application monitor yeLinux. Chishandiso chikuru che gadzirisa system zviwanikwa uye uone maitiro ako.
• chiutsi. Kana iwe uchida kunakidzwa nemitambo pakombuta yako yeLinux, nekuda kweiyo Steam chikuva unogona kuzviita pasina dambudziko.

Ndinofunga haufanire kurangarira izvo maapuro ese aya mahara zvachose, nekuda kwechimiro uye chinangwa chakagadzirwa Linux.