Bitcoin, Monero, Litecoin, Ethereum… Kule mihla wonke umntu sele evile malunga nehlabathi le-cryptocurrencies, apho abaninzi sele betyala imali. Izibonelelo zayo ezinkulu zihlala ziphawulwa njengemali yedijithali yekamva elinokwenzeka okanye njengethuba lotyalo-mali oza kufumana ngalo imali eninzi. Kwakhona ukungahambi kwayo: abaxhaswanga naliphi na iqumrhu elisemthethweni kwaye ukuguquguquka kwabo kuphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ingqalelo encinci inikwa inkalo eyodwa: Zivela phi? Le yindawo yokuthetha ngayo imigodi ye-cryptocurrency.
Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa ezinye iikhonsepthi: cryptocurrency o cryptocurrency yiasethi yedijithali esebenzisa ufihlo lwe-cryptographic ukuqinisekisa ubunini bayo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwentengiselwano kwaye kuthintele umgunyathi. Ezi zimali zedijithali azikho ngendlela ebonakalayo. Ngokwenene zigcinwe kwi-wallet yedijithali.
Njengoko besitshilo ekuqaleni, ii-cryptocurrencies azilawulwa okanye zilawulwa naliphi na iziko. Ukongezelela, ukuthengiselana kwabo akufuni abalamleli, ekubeni i-database ephantsi kolawulo isetyenzisiweyo, ebizwa blockchain, evumela ukuba irekhodi ekwabelwana ngayo.
Itekhnoloji yeBlockchain idla ngokufaniswa neleja enkulu apho inani elikhulu lolwazi lingabhalwa kwaye ligcinwe kwaye likwabelwana ngalo kumnatha kwaye alinakutshintshwa okanye licinywe.
Yintoni imigodi ye-cryptocurrency
imigodi ye-cryptocurrency
Inkcazo ye-cryptocurrencies yileyo yenkqubo apho ukuthengiselana kwenethiwekhi kuqinisekiswa kwaye kuhlanganiswe ngamaqela, eya kuthi kamva yongezwe kwi-blockchain. Enkosi kulo msebenzi, cryptocurrencies ezifana Bitcoin, eyona ibalulekileyo neyaziwayo kuzo zonke.
Kutheni kusetyenziswa igama elithi “imigodi”? Ngokucacileyo, ligama elingumzekeliso, kodwa ngokwenene umsebenzi wokubala ukukhupha ixabiso kwinethiwekhi lifana kakhulu nelomsebenzi-mgodini ohamba ngaphantsi komhlaba efuna igolide, amalahle okanye nayiphi na enye iminerali exabisekileyo.
Umgodi we-cryptocurrency akasebenzisi ipiki kunye nefosholo, kodwa ihardware yekhompyuter kunye nesoftware. Umsebenzi kukubeka amandla okusebenza kwikhompyuter enye okanye ngaphezulu kwinkonzo yenethiwekhi. Iinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo ze-cryptocurrency zisebenzisa la maqela ukuqinisekisa ubunyani bentengiselwano yabasebenzisi babo.
Inkqubo yemigodi, inyathelo ngenyathelo:
Yintoni imigodi ye-cryptocurrency kwaye ibandakanya ntoni?
Inxalenye esisiseko yenkqubo yemigodi ye-cryptocurrency yi qinisekisa kwaye uqinisekise iintengiselwano. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-nodes ye-mining, ekulawuleni ukukhetha ukuthengiselana okulindile kunye nokongeza kwi-template yebhloko. Yonke le nkqubo, eyenza umjikelo, inamanyathelo amahlanu:
Ukuqinisekiswa
Los iindawo ezipheleleyo bangamaqela anoxanduva lokunyanzelisa yonke imithetho yemvumelwano yeprotocol yakho yenethiwekhi. Ziyeyona nto ibonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwinethiwekhi ye-cryptocurrency. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-cryptocurrencies ezithunyelwayo azizange zisetyenziselwe enye intengiselwano ngaphambili. Ngamanye amazwi: ukuba akukho nkcitho iphindwe kabini.
Iqela lentengiselwano
Emva koko bangena kwisenzo iindawo zemigodi. Badibanisa amaqela entengiselwano esele iqinisekisiwe kwitemplate kwaye yongeze kwiibhloko ezingaqinisekiswanga.
I-Hash kunye nedatha yokulawula
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukubhaliswa kolwazi oluyimfuneko kwi-cryptocurrencies yam kwaye uqinisekise ibhloko. Isigaba sokulungiselela zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ukuphumeza umsebenzi we-hash kwaye uqale umsebenzi wokufumana i-identifier yebhloko eyenziwa. Lo msebenzi uphinde uqhutywe ngamacandelo emigodi.
Isigqibo
Ngedatha enikezelwe yi-node ye-mining, i-identifier yebhloko echanekileyo yenziwa, apho ukuthengiselana kunokuqinisekiswa kunye neengqekembe zemali. Yinkqubo enokuthi ithathe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokuxhomekeke kwiqela elisetyenzisiweyo kwisisombululo okanye inani labasebenzi basezimayini abasebenza kumsebenzi ofanayo.
Ibhloko yongezwa kwinethiwekhi
Ekugqibeleni, xa umvukuzi efumana isisombululo somsebenzi we-hash, kuveliswa ibhloko entsha ebhaliswe ngokusisigxina. Zonke ezinye iintengiselwano ezisalindileyo ziyacinywa ngokuzenzekelayo ukunqanda ukuba nokwenzeka kwenkcitho ephindwe kabini. Kulapho kukhululwa umvuzo womsebenzi-mgodini.
Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu ukuya phambili, ulwazi oluqulethwe kule blockchain alunakuphinda luguqulwe. Kwezinye iinethiwekhi, ezifana neBitcoin okanye i-Ethereum, iinkcukacha zabo zinokuboniswa esidlangalaleni.
imivuzo yabasebenzi basezimayini
Yintoni imigodi ye-cryptocurrency kwaye ibandakanya ntoni?
Eludinini lwakhe nabani na othatha isigqibo ngezibonelelo kunye nemizamo yokumba i-cryptocurrencies, kukho ithuba lokufumana umvuzo wabo ekudala ulindelwe. Le yinjini eneneni eqhuba yonke inkqubo. Xa usongeza iibhloko ezintsha kwikhonkco le-cryptocurrency, umvuzo uyafumaneka, onokuba ziintlobo ezimbini:
- Ngohlobo lwe iikhomishini, ihlawulwe ngabasebenzisi abathatha inxaxheba kwiintengiselwano ezenza ibhloko entsha eyongezelelweyo.
- entsha imali yedijithali ezifakwa kujikelezo.
Yintoni efunekayo emigodini ye-cryptocurrencies?
ifama yemigodi ye-cryptocurrency
Ngokuqinisekileyo emva kokufunda oku, ngaphezu komnye kuni uvule ibhalbhu yesibane kunye nesimboli sedola (okanye iBitcoin) izotywe emehlweni akho. Ukuba kufuneka ikhompyuter enye kuphela, kutheni ungenzi cryptocurrencies yam ekhaya?
Nangona oku kunokwenzeka, akukho lula njengoko kubonakala. Ngokwenene, imigodi ye-cryptocurrency ifuna amandla amaninzi ekhompyuter. Akwanelanga ukuba nekhompyuter okanye inethiwekhi yeekhompyuter zamandla athile, kodwa kuyafuneka igridi yamandla ezinzileyo. Enyanisweni, kule nkqubo ukuzinza kubaluleke ngaphezu kwesantya.
Ukuba ezi mfuno zifezekisiwe, inyathelo elilandelayo kuku fakela isoftware ethile ukusombulula iingxaki zemathematika (i-hashing). Oku kufuneka kwakhona kubandakanye inkqubo yokuqinisekisa eyimfuneko yokuthengiselana ngokusemthethweni eqinisekisa ukuba ibhloko ibhloko. Xa ukuthengiselana kusonjululwe yisoftware, umvukuzi ufumana inani elithile leemali zedijithali. Ukukhawuleza kwaye kunamandla ngakumbi i-hardware ye-miner, amathuba amaninzi okuphumelela akhona.
Isixhobo esithile kunye nesoftware
Inkqubo esetyenziselwa ukumba imali ye-cryptocurrensets ixhomekeke kwi-cryptocurrency esifuna ukuyomba. Kukho iindlela ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo:
- Sebenzisa a umgodi we-asic, eyikhompyutha elungiselelwe ukwenza umsebenzi omnye kunye nowodwa: khupha uhlobo oluthile lwe-cryptocurrency.
- Sebenzisa ikhompyutha exhotyiswe ngekhadi lemizobo esebenza kakhulu okanye iGPU.
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukubhenela kuyo ihardware eyahlukileyo yohlobo ngalunye lwengqekembe. Abantu abaninzi baye bazama ukumba i-cryptos ngaphandle kwe-hardware efanelekileyo ngaphandle kwempumelelo, baphinde bachithe imali eninzi kwizixhobo zekhompyutha ezingalunganga kunye nokutya umbane omkhulu ngelize.
Kutheni sifuna izixhobo ezinamandla kunye nesoftware ethile? Kungcono ukuyichaza ngomzekelo: umsebenzi we-hash wothungelwano olufana ne-Bitcoin yenziwe ngendibaniselwano yealphanumeric enamagama angama-64. Imithetho enokwenzeka isixelela ukuba kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukufumana indibaniselwano echanekileyo ekhupha i-BTC kwaye iqinisekisa ukuthengiselana ngumsebenzi ongafumanekiyo kwingqondo yomntu. Lo ngumsebenzi woomatshini, izixhobo ezinamandla amakhulu ekhompyuter ezikwaziyo ukubala iindidi ezininzi zendibaniselwano kwimizuzu nje.
Isishwankathelo, kunokuchazwa ukuba kuphela kwento eyenziwa ngumsebenzi-mgodini ukuboleka inkqubo amandla okubala kunye nombane ofunekayo ukwenza le misebenzi, efumana umvuzo. Ngokubanzi, intlawulo kwi-cryptocurrency osebenza kuyo.
iifama zemigodi ye-cryptocurrency
Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba izixhobo ezinamandla ngakumbi nangakumbi sizinikezela kwi-cryptocurrencies yezemigodi, kokukhona sifumana inzuzo enkulu. Ngelishwa oko kuthetha utyalo-mali olukhulu loo nto ingenakufikelela kummi oqhelekileyo. Ikwafuna amaziko aneleyo kunye neqela labantu lamagcisa azinikele ekubekeni iliso kwimisebenzi yeeyure ezingama-24 ngosuku.
Amanye amazwe athanda Russia o EUnited States (kwaye kude kube ngoku, kwakhona iTshayina) batyale imali eninzi kwimigodi ye-cryptocurrency, besenza izibonelelo ezinkulu ezaziwa ngokuba ziifama zemigodi. Inzuzo yezi fama inxulumene, kungekhona nje ngenxa yokutyalomali oluyimfuneko, kodwa nangenxa yokuba ixhomekeke ekuguquguqukeni rhoqo kwexabiso le-cryptocurrencies, leyo, njengoko sele sibonile, iguquguquka kakhulu.
Omnye umba obuza imibuzo ngenzuzo yeefama zemigodi kukuba, xa ixabiso le-cryptocurrency linyuka, izibonelelo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukumbiwa kwayo. Kwaye oku kunesiphumo sokwandisa ubunzima xa kusembiwa.
Imigodi yefu
Ekugqibeleni, siya kubhekisela kwindlela yemigodi ye-cryptocurrency ifumaneka kuye nabani na ongenayo i-hardware eyimfuneko. Ayenzelwanga ukwenza inzuzo enkulu, kodwa iyasebenza. I kumbiwa kwefu yenziwa ngeziko ekwabelwana ngalo kunye nekude ukusetyenzwa kwedatha ekhoyo "Ilifu". Kule meko, umgodi uhlawula kuphela inkonzo enikezelwa kumboneleli.