Sebenza ngeenkqubo zespredishithi ezinje Excel unikezela ngamathuba angenamkhawulo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweefomula ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulingana. Imisebenzi ekhoyo igubungela phantse nayiphi na imfuneko esinayo yamaxwebhu ethu emfundo kunye nobungcali. Namhlanje siza kugxila ngokukodwa kumbuzo we ukubala ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni kwi-excel.
Yintoni ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni?
Le nto ibaluleke kakhulu xa usenza amanani. Ikwaziwa nangamagama okuphambuka okusemgangathweni okanye ukuphambuka okumiselweyo, ukumelwa ngendlela efinyeziweyo ngonobumba omncinci wonobumba omncinci wamaGrike i-sigma (σ) okanye ileta yesi-Latin "s". Ikwahlala imelwe yi-SD, ukusuka kwisiNgesi ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo.
Le mitha isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umahluko okanye Ukusasazeka kweseti okanye isampulu yedatha yamanani. Ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kuhlala kukhulu okanye kulingana no-zero. Xa inqanaba lokutenxa liphantsi (kufutshane no-zero), oko kuthetha ukuba uninzi lweedatha lujolise kufutshane neentsingiselo; Kwelinye icala, inqanaba eliphezulu lokutenxa libonisa ukuba idatha isasazekile kwaye igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwamaxabiso.
Ukubalwa kokutenxa okuqhelekileyo kunokuba nako usetyenziso olusebenzayo kwizifundo ezithile zamanani. Eyona nto isebenzayo kukusivumela ukuba sazi inqanaba lokusasazeka okuphakathi kokungafaniyo, oko kukuthi, kukude kangakanani amaxabiso ahlukeneyo eqela ukusuka kwixabiso eliphakathi.
Imizekelo emithathu eyahlukeneyo yobudlelwane phakathi kwentsingiselo kunye nokuphambuka okumiselweyo
El graphic kule migca ibonisa imizekelo emithathu eyahlukileyo yokutenxa okumgangatho: phezulu, phakathi kunye nezantsi, nganye inxulumene nexabiso elithile elithethiweyo.
Indlela ekrwada kakhulu yokuyichaza ngalo mzekelo ulandelayo. Amatyala amabini ahlukeneyo:
- Ityala 1: Masicinge ngeqela labantakwabo abaneminyaka engama-38, 40 nengama-42 ubudala. Umndilili yi-40, kodwa i Ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni kuncinci, kuba onke amaxabiso asondele kuyo, kunye namaxabiso aneminyaka emibini kuphela ngaphandle kwexabiso eliphakathi.
- Ityala le-2Ngoku masicinge ukuba ubudala babantakwabo bangama-25, 40 nama-55 eminyaka ubudala. Intsingiselo iya kuba ngama-40, kodwa ukusasazeka kukhulu. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukuphambuka komgangatho kukhulu, ngamaxabiso aneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ukude kwixabiso eliphakathi.
Ukwazi intsingiselo kunye nokuphambuka komgangatho wokusasazwa kothotho lweedatha, kunokwenzeka ukubala ukubakho kokufumana iziphumo eziphezulu okanye ezisezantsi ngokubhekisele kwixabiso elithile. Nangona kunokubonakala ngathi akukho nto kuninzi, oku kubalwa kunefuthe elibonakalayo kwimodeli yezemali, umzekelo.
Kodwa endaweni yokubeka emngciphekweni wokulahleka kwizibalo zemathematics, masiqwalasele umbuzo ophambili kunye nomxholo ophambili weposti yethu: ukubala njani ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwi-Excel.
Indlela yokubala ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwi-Excel
Ukwenza oku kubalwa kwemathematika kwiphepha lokusebenzela le-Excel kulula kwaye kuyakhawuleza. Ukufezekisa oku kuya kufuneka silandele la manyathelo:
- Kwindawo yokuqala ngokucacileyo kuya kubakho ngenisa iMicrosoft Excel kwaye ungene kwi-spreadsheet Inayo idatha esifuna ukufumana kuyo ukuphambuka okumiselweyo.
- Okulandelayo kufuneka sazise amaxabiso esifuna ukuwasebenzisa. Kule nto siza kukhetha ikholamu kwaye Siza kubhala ixabiso ledatha nganye kwiseli nganye.
- Nje ukuba singene kuyo yonke idatha kwikholamu ekhethiweyo, inyathelo elilandelayo iya kuba kukucofa u iseli engenanto. Leyo yiseli ekhethwe kwisiphumo apho ixabiso lokutenxa okuqhelekileyo liya kuvela.
- Phezulu kwibar Siza kwazisa ifomula ukuphambuka okumiselweyo kweseli engenanto esiyikhethileyo. Ifomula yile:
= UKUQHELEKA.P (XX: XX)
I-STDE imfutshane "ukuphambuka okusemgangathweni," ngelixa u-P emela abantu, "Oko kukuthi," isampulu. " Amaxabiso ahamba kubazali ahambelana neeseli ezikhethiweyo eziqulathe amaxabiso awohlukeneyo esampulu.
- Inqanaba elilandelayo nika uluhlu lwamaxabiso apho i-Excel iza kwenza khona ukubala. Oku kufuneka kungeniswe ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kwabazali. Apho kuya kufuneka ubhale ileta kunye nenombolo yeseli nganye. Ukuba iiseli ziyahambelana, umzekelo, ukusuka ku-A2 ukuya ku-A20, siza kubhala nje eyokuqala neyokugqibela eyahlulwe yikholoni (:). Ukulandela lo mzekelo, kuya kubonakala ngathi: = STDEV.P (A2: A20).
- Inyathelo lokugqibela kukucofa iqhosha «Ngena» kwi-Excel ukufaka ifomula kwaye ubonise umphumo kwiseli ekhethwe ekuqaleni.
Umsebenzi we-STDE kwi-Microsoft Excel usebenzisa le fomyula ilandelayo:
Apho i "x" ithatha ixabiso lesilinganiselo sesampulu (ixabiso1, ixabiso2, ...) kunye no "n" umele ubungakanani bayo.
Olunye ubalo lwezibalo nge-Excel
Ukongeza ekwazini ukubala ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwi-Excel, kunokwenzeka ukuba xa siququzelela idatha kwii-worksheet zethu kuya kufuneka sibuyele kwezinye iifomula. Ezona ziqhelekileyo zezi zisivumela ukuba sibale amaxabiso anje nge kuthetha, imedian, imowudi, kunye nomahluko.
Media
Njengoko wonke umntu esazi, i eendaba (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-arithmetic mean) sisiphumo sokongeza amaxabiso ahlukeneyo kunye nokwahlulahlula ngokwenani elipheleleyo lezinto kuthotho. Ukufumana intsingiselo, inkqubo iyafana naleyo isetyenziselwa ukubala ukuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwi-Excel. Umahluko kuphela yifomula esetyenzisiweyo, ekule meko yile: = UMGANGATHO (valueX: valueY).
Iphakathi
La Median iseti yamanani, edla ngokudideka nentsingiselo, lelo xabiso likwisikhundla esiphakathi kothotho. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba itshatise intsingiselo. Ifomula esetyenziselwa ukubala kwayo kwi-Excel yile: = I-MEDIAN (ixabisoX: ixabisoY).
fashion
La fashini iseti yamanani lixabiso eliphindaphindwe amaxesha amaninzi. Kwaye akufuneki ukuba ilingane nentsingiselo okanye imedian. Ifomula yokuyibala kwi-Excel yile: = IMODE (ixabisoX: ixabisoY).
obanzi
Le ngcamango inzima ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Inkqubo ye- Umahluko inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nentsingiselo kunye nokuphambuka okumiselweyo. Yenye indlela yokulinganisa ukusasazeka kweseti yamaxabiso, kubhekiswa kuphela "kumgama" apho iseti yamaxabiso ishenxayo kuloo ntsingiselo. Ifomula: = VAR (ixabisoX: ixabisoY)