I-Excel iye, ngokokufaneleka kwayo, sesona sicelo sisemagqabini sokwenza nasiphi na ispredishithi salo naluphi na uhlobo, kwezi zivumela ukuba senze ingxelo yemihla ngemihla ispredishithi esinxulumene nesiseko sedatha, ukongeza ekusivumeleni ukuba sibonakalise idatha abayifaka kwiigrafu.
Las ukulahla uluhlu kunye neetafile ezinamandla esivumela i-Excel ukuba siyenze, yimisebenzi emibini esinokuthi ngayo fumana okungcono kuyo, le yokugqibela ingomnye wemisebenzi enamandla kakhulu enikezelwa sesi sicelo esingaphakathi kwiOfisi 365.
Zithini iitafile zepivot
Kungenzeka ukuba ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye uve ngeetafile zepivot, enye ye imisebenzi esebenzayo kunye namandla esinika yona i-Excel kwaye isivumela ukuba silawule inani elikhulu ledatha ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.
Iitafile ezinamandla esinokuzenza nge-Excel, ayisivumeli kuphela ukuba sikhuphe idatha kwiitafile, kodwa ikwasivumela khipha idatha kulwazi olwenziweyo ngokuFikelelaIsicelo sikaMicrosoft sokwenza ugcino lwedatha.
Kulungile, kodwa zithini iitafile zepivot? Iitafile zepivot zezi Iifilitha esinokuthi sizisebenzise kulwazi kwaye ikwasivumela ukuba senze ushwankathelo lweziphumo. Ukuba usebenzisa izihluzo rhoqo kwiispredishithi zakho, ukuba usebenzisa iitafile zepivot, uya kubona ukuba ixesha olisebenzisana nabo lincitshiswe njani
Uyenza njani iitafile zepivot
Ukwenza iitafile zepivot, sifuna umthombo wedatha, Umthombo wedatha onokuba sispredishithi esihlala sisisebenzisa ukugcina idatha. Ukuba sisebenzisa isiseko sedatha esenziwe kuFikelelo, sinokuseta umthombo wedatha kwitafile apho zonke iirekhodi zigcinwa khona.
Ukuba umthombo wedatha yifayile yokubhaliweyoNgedatha eyahlulwe ngamakhoma, sinokwenza kwifayile ispredishithi apho sinokukhupha khona idatha ukwenza iitafile zepivot. Ukuba olu hlobo lwefayile ethe tyaba ingowona mthombo weefayile ekufuneka sizenzile iitafile ezinamandla, kuya kufuneka sibone ithuba lokuba sikwazi ukukhupha idatha kwenye ifomathi okanye senze i-macro ezenzela ngokuzenzekelayo ukwenza iitafile ezinamandla rhoqo singenisa idatha.
Nangona igama layo linokuthetha ukuntsokotha, akukho nto iyinyani inyani. Yenza iitafile zepivot yinkqubo elula kakhulu, ukuba silandela onke amanyathelo esiwabonisa apha ngezantsi.
Fomatha umthombo wedatha
Nje ukuba i-database yenziwe, kufuneka siyifomathile ukuze i-Excel ukwazi ukubona Zeziphi iiseli ezinedatha kwaye iiseli ezinamagama eerekhodi esifuna ukuzihluza ukwenza iitafile ezinamandla.
Ukufomatha itafile, into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile kukukhetha zonke iiseli eziyinxalenye yetafile kwaye ucofe kwiqhosha Ifomathi njengetafile ebekwe kwiRibhoni yasekhaya.
Okulandelayo, uyilo olwahlukileyo luya kuboniswa, uyilo olungagcini nje ngokuguqula i-aesthetics yetafile, kodwa uxelele i-Excel ukuba ingumthombo wedatha. Kwelo candelo, akunamsebenzi ukuba loluphi ukhetho esilukhethayo. Kumbuzo Iphi idatha etafileni? Kuya kufuneka sijonge ibhokisi Uluhlu olunezihloko.
Ngale ndlela, sibonisa kwi-Excel ukuba umqolo wokuqala wetafile umele igama ledatha etafileni, ukwenza iitafile ezinamandla, izakusivumela ukuba sisebenzise iifilitha ezizenzekelayo. Nje ukuba sinetafile enedatha, kwaye siyifomathile ngokuchanekileyo, sinokwenza iitafile ezinamandla.
Yenza iitafile zepivot
- Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyenzile khetha itafile ziphi idatha ezakuba yinxalenye yetafile eguqukayo, kubandakanya iiseli ezibonisa ukuba luhlobo luni lweedatha abazibandakanyayo (kwimeko yethu uMasipala, uMsebenzi, isalathiso, iKg).
- Emva koko, siya kwiribhoni kwaye ucofe kuyo Faka.
- Ngaphakathi Faka, cofa apha Itafile ezinamandla kunye nebhokisi yencoko yababini enegama Yenza itheyibhile yepivot.
- Kule bhokisi yencoko yababini sifumana iindlela ezimbini:
- Khetha idatha ofuna ukuyihlalutya. Njengoko sikhethe itafile esifuna ukuyisebenzisa ukwenza itafile enamandla, sele ibonisiwe ikhethwe phantsi kwegama leTafile1. Singalitshintsha eli gama xa sinqwenela ukongeza ezinye iitafile kwispredishithi esinye.
- Khetha apho ufuna ukubeka khona itafile yepivot. Ukuba asifuni ukuxuba idatha yolwazi kunye netafile ye-pivot, kuyacetyiswa ukuba senze ispredishithi esitsha, esingasibiza ngokuba yiTafile yePivot, ukuze singabhidaniswa nephepha elibonisa idatha, esinokuthi siyibize Idatha.
Ukuba siwenzile onke amanyathelo, iziphumo ziya kufana naleyo ikumfanekiso ongentla. Ukuba akunjalo, kuya kufuneka uphinde uhambe kuwo onke amanyathelo. Kwiphaneli esekunene (iphaneli esinokuthi sihambe kuyo ngokusetyenziswa okanye ukusishiya sidada) idatha esiyikhethileyo iyaboniswa, ekufuneka siyenzile sebenzisa iifilitha esizifunayo.
Iiparameter esinokuthi sizilungiselele zezi zilandelayo:
Iifilitha
Apha sibeka (ngokutsala imihlaba ebekwe ngaphezulu) kwimihlaba esifuna ukuyibonisa ebonisa ubungakanani okanye isixa. Kwimeko yomzekelo, ndibeke imihlaba kaMasipala, uMsebenzi kunye neReferensi ukuze ndikwazi ukukhetha inani elipheleleyo lezalathiso kuthengisiwe kunye (UMasipala, uMsebenzi kunye nesalathiso) okanye ngooMasipala, abasebenzi okanye iiReferensi.
Ngaphakathi kumaxabiso, sibandakanyile ushwankathelo lwazo zonke izingqinisiso ezithengisiweyo. Kwimeko yomzekelo, u-6 umele inani lezalathiso abathe bazithengisa bonke abasebenzi bazo zonke izingqinisiso kumasipala wase Novelda.
Iikholam
Kweli candelo, kufuneka sibeke onke amasimi esifuna ukuwenza iboniswe kwifomathi yokwehla ukukhetha nokubonisa zonke iziphumo ezinxulumene nelo xabiso.
Kwimeko yomzekelo, sibeke intsimi kaMasipala kwiikholamu, ukuze isibonakalise isixa senani leereferensi Kuthengiswe kubo bonke oomasipala. Ukuba sisebenzisa izihluzi, ezingasentla, sinokuqhubekeka nokucoca iziphumo, simisele ireferensi ethengisiweyo kunye nomsebenzi athe wazithengisa.
Iifilas
Icandelo lemiqolo lisivumela ukuba simisele ukuba ngawaphi amaxabiso iboniswe yimigca kwaye umsebenzi uyafana neekholamu kodwa utshintsha ukuqhelaniswa. Njengoko sibona kumfanekiso ongentla, xa ubeka ibala likaMasipala kwiifayile, iziphumo zophando ziboniswa kwimiqolo hayi kwiikholamu.
Iimpawu zentsulungeko
Kweli candelo kufuneka songeze amasimi esifuna ukuba siye kuwo bonisa iitotali. Xa urhuqa indawo ye-Kg kwicandelo lamaxabiso, ikholamu yenziwe ngokuzenzekelayo apho i-kg iyonke ethengiswe ziidolophu ibonakalisiwe, sisisihluzi seRow esisongezile.
Ngaphakathi kweli candelo, sineAkhawunti yokuKhangela. Iqwalaselwe ukubonisa ifayile ye ubalo lwezixeko okanye iimveliso. Ubalo lwentsimi ye-KG luqwalaselwe ukuze bonisa i-Kg iyonke. Ukutshintsha esona senzo sifuna ukusenza ekhaya kwenye yeendawo ezikhoyo, kufuneka ucofe u (i) ebekwe ngasekunene kwentsimi.
Ingcebiso esebenzayo
Ukuba uyenzile ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, unokucinga Iitheyibhile zepivot lilizwe elinzima kakhulu ayifanelekanga ukuchukumiseka. Ngokuchasene noko, indlela onokubona ngayo kweli nqaku, yonke into ngumba wovavanyo, ukuvavanywa kunye nokuvavanywa de sikwazi ukubonisa idatha njengoko sifuna ukuba iboniswe.
Ukuba ukongeza umhlaba kwicandelo ongalifuniyo, kuya kufuneka ulitsale ngaphandle kwephepha kwaye liya kususwa. Iitafile zepivot zenzelwe ukuba zibenedatha enkulu, hayi iitafile ezili-10 0 20 zeerekhodi. Kule meko, singazisebenzisa ngqo iifayile.