Namhlanje sele siziqhelile ukuzisebenzisa kwaye ziyinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, phantse kuthi. Sibhekisela kwiifowuni eziphathwayo, namhlanje kakade smartphones esinokuthi ngayo siqhagamshele kwi-intanethi kwaye senze izinto eziliwaka. Nangona kunjalo, ifowuni yokuqala ephathwayo kwimbali Ayizange ibone ukukhanya de kwangowe-1983 IMotorola DynaTAC 8000X, esiza kuthetha ngayo kule post.
Imbali yezi zixhobo inde kunokuba ibonakala, kodwa eyona nto imangalisayo kukuvela kwayo okumangalisayo. Ezo fowuni zokuqala zinqwenela kuphela ukukwazi ukunikezela ngenkonzo yokufowuna ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iintambo okanye izixhobo ezimiselweyo, iifowuni ezinokusetyenziswa naphi na, nje ukuba kukho ukhuseleko olwaneleyo. Akukho nto yakwenza nazo zonke izinto ezinokwenziwa namhlanje nge-smartphone. Kodwa elo yayilinyathelo lokuqala ekwakufuneka lithatyathwe. Kwaye umntu owanikelayo UMartin Cooper.
Le Njineli ye Motorola yenzelwe iprototype engaqhelekanga kakhulu: i-Motorola DynaTAC 8000X yayiyifowuni enobunzima be-1,1 kg kwaye inika ukuzimela kwemizuzu engama-30 ukwenza okanye ukufumana iminxeba. Emva kwelo xesha, kwafuneka ihlaziywe, apho kufuneka ube nomonde, kuba akukho ngaphantsi kweeyure ezili-10 ezifunekayo ukugqiba ukutshaja. Njengabasebenzisi, namhlanje konke oku kubonakala kungamkelekanga, kodwa ngelo xesha kwakuyi-revolution yokwenyani. Igama elithi TAC yayisisifinyezo se Ugutyulo lweNdawo iyonke.
UCooper ugqalwa njengovulindlela. Njengoko yena ngokwakhe uye wachaza izihlandlo ezininzi, wafumana inkuthazo yoyilo lwakhe kuthotho lweStar Trek, apho uKapteni uKirk wasebenzisa isixhobo sonxibelelwano esifana nento esiyiqondayo namhlanje njengeselula.
Xa kuthelekiswa neemodeli zangoku, i-DynaTAC 800X "lityala" lokwenyani. Akunjalo nje ngenxa yobunzima bayo obuninzi, kodwa nangenxa yobukhulu bayo (i-33 cm ubude x 8,9 ububanzi kunye ne-4,5 cm ubukhulu). Ngaphezulu koko, yayixabisa kakhulu, phantse ibe yinto yodidi eqale ukuthengiswa phantse nge-US$4.000. Kwaye kwathengiswa iiyunithi ezingaphezu kwama-300.000!
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nayo isuka kule fowuni ithunyelwe kuyo iSMS yokuqala. KwakungoDisemba 1985 kwaye umyalezo wawusithi "Merry Christmas!"
Imvelaphi
Ngaphandle kokuphambukisa kuCooper u nakancinci, inyani yeyokuba umbono wefowuni ephathwayo wawusele usezingqondweni zeenjineli ezininzi phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo. Kwaye kukuba kwi-20s kwakukho iiprototypes zeenkqubo zonxibelelwano ezingenazintambo, ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukuba zifakwe kwiimoto.
Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, inkampani AT & T (eyayithe ngelo xesha yayinobuxhakaxhaka bemfonomfono eUnited States) yabonisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi Inkonzo yomnxeba ophathwayo, eyayingeyonto ngaphandle kwaleyo: isindululo sokuqala sefowuni ephathwayo kwimbali. Lo mbono wawufuna ukuhanjiswa kweendlela. Inkqubo yayifakwe ngaphakathi kwi-trunk yemoto, idityaniswe kwideshibhodi ngentambo. Kude kakhulu kumbono wepokotho yefowuni ephathwayo esinayo namhlanje.
Esi sixhobo sikhulu sacuthwa kancinci kancinci kwaye ngeminyaka yoo-60 sasisele singena kwibrifkheyisi. Yintoni eyenziwa nguCooper ngokulandelayo ngokusisiseko ukulandela lo mgca de wayila isixhobo esilawulekayo ngakumbi, ifowuni yokuqala yeselula.
Ukuvela kweefowuni eziphathwayo
Ukulandela indlela evulwe yiMotorola DynaTAC 8000X, ifowuni yokuqala ephathwayo embalini, iinkampani ezininzi kwihlabathi jikelele ziye zasungula ukwenza iimodeli zabo zeselfowuni. Ngale ndlela, ezinye iimodeli ezilula kakhulu zabona ukukhanya, njenge Mobira Cityman nguNokia, yasungulwa ngo-1987, iselula "kuphela" enobunzima be-760 grams.
Umtsi wokuqala wendaleko kwihlabathi lefowuni ephathwayo yeza kule minyaka ilishumi ilandelayo, nento ebizwa ngokuba sisizukulwana se-2G. Imodeli yokuqala ye-2G yayiyi Nokia 1011, ukusuka kwi-1993, eyokuqala kuluhlu lweemodeli ezikhulayo ezikhanyayo, ezinee-antenna ezimfutshane kunye nee-casings ezincinci.
Ikwasuka kwakwelo xesha linye uSimon ovela kwibm, ukususela ngo-1994, into enkulu engaziwayo. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba le modeli I-smartphone yokuqala kwimbali, kuba yayingowokuqala ukubonelela ngesikrini sokuchukumisa kunye nokubandakanya izicelo. Phambi kokuqala kwenkulungwane, iifowuni eziphathwayo ezineekhibhodi nazo zaziya kufika, izandulela ezidumileyo iqunube, i-clamshell okanye ukusonga iimodeli eziphathwayo, kunye neefowuni ezinesikrini sombala, njenge Siemens S10 1998. Lawo yayingamaxesha apho iNokia kunye neMotorola zazilawula imarike.
Ngokuqala kwenkulungwane saqala ukubona iifowuni zixhotyiswe ngeekhamera ezithobekileyo (akukho nto yakwenza nezo modeli zangoku) kwaye ke, ngo-2001, iiselfowuni ze-3G zafika. Ngelo xesha, ifowuni ephathwayo yayisele isisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu phantse kwihlabathi liphela. Ezinye zeemodeli zelo xesha, njenge Nokia 3310 isasetyenziswa nanamhlanje.
I-iPhone kunye ne-smartphone concept
Kwi-2007, ukubonakala kwe I-iPhone yokuqala Yayiyenye isiganeko esibalulekileyo kwimbali yezi zixhobo. Ikhibhodi ye-QWERTY kunye namaqhosha aphathekayo ayehambile, endaweni yawo kujongano lokuchukumisa. Olu tshintsho lwenza ukuba kube lula ukuba nescreen esikhulu ukukhangela i-intanethi ngokulula ngakumbi. I-smartphone okanye i-smart phone yayisele iyinyani eza kuguqula ubomi bethu.
Impumelelo evakalayo ye-iPhone yenza uGoogle asabele. Ukusukela ngoko, siye saya kuloo nto ukhuphiswano okanye usukuzwano phakathi kwe-iOS kunye ne-Android. Okunye yimbali. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, siye sabona ukusungulwa kweemodeli ezintsha, ixesha ngalinye ziphucukile kwaye zinamandla. Siye sabona ukuphunyezwa kweteknoloji ye-5G kunye nokuboniswa kweeprototypes zexesha elizayo kunye nobuchule kunye neempawu ezibonakala zithathwa kwi-movie ye-fiction yesayensi.
Kwelinye icala, kuye kwakho utshintsho olukhulu kwimarike. Ukongeza kwi-Apple, ngoku kukho iibrendi zaseAsia (Samsung, Huawei, Xiaomi kunye nabanye) abo balawula icandelo. Kubonakala ngathi yinto engakholelekiyo ukuba ezi mfonomfono zimangalisayo zingabalandeli be-Motorola DynaTAC 8000X. Kwaye nangona kunjalo, konke kwaqala ngaye, ngefowuni yokuqala kwimbali. Asimele siyilibale.