Uninzi lwamanqaku endiwashicilelayo kwiiKhokelo zeTekhnoloji zihlala ziqala ngawo ukujonga emva kwixesha elidlulileyo njengesingeniso yesifundo endiza kusinyanga (iminyaka ngamava). Kule meko, andizukukhetha ngaphandle kokungena kulo mbandela, siza kubuyela emva kwiminyaka embalwa.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-intanethi, izixhobo zonxibelelwano zekhompyuter Babenqunyelwe ekwabelaneni ngeefayile kunye nabashicileli ikakhulu, ukongeza kwisicelo solawulo esasiseva kwenkampani. Ukuba iqela belinokufikelela kwiseva, yonke into iyasebenza.
Xa i-intanethi yaqala ukuba sisixhobo somsebenzi wemihla ngemihla, oku yaphunyezwa kuthungelwano lwezixhobo zekhompyuter. Enye yeengxaki ezazisoloko zijongana neengcali zekhompyuter kukuba i-intanethi ayifikanga kuzo zonke iikhompyuter nangona ikhompyuter yayixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi.
Ngokufika konxibelelwano olungenazingcingo (iWi-Fi), unxibelelwano alufunanga zintambo kuwo onke amaziko kwaye unxibelelwano kwakulula kakhulu ukwenza kunye nokugcina ukusukela ukuba ikhompyuter iyekile ukunxibelelana, ingxaki yafunyanwa kuloo khompyuter hayi kunethiwekhi yonke.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ikhompyuter ikho uqhagamshele ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-intanethi, ingxaki ayiphelelanga kwimeko enye, kodwa zinokubakho ezininzi ezinokuba ngunobangela wale ngxaki. Into yokuqala ekufuneka siyazi kukuba isebenza njani inethiwekhi yekhompyuter.
Isebenza njani inethiwekhi
Inethiwekhi yekhompyuter ivumela zonke izixhobo ukuba zidibane (iikhompyuter, iitafile, ii-smartphones, iithelevishini ezikrelekrele, iibhokisi eziset-top, izixhobo zasekhaya, iiprinta, iihard drive ... kunye kwaye babelane ngezixhobo. Ngalo lonke ixesha sidibanisa ikhompyuter kwi-router yethu yasekhaya, iba yinxalenye yenethiwekhi kwaye sinokwabelana ngeefayile kunye nezixhobo kunye.
Okwangoku, nangona ukhuseleko lweenethiwekhi ezingenazingcingo ishiye eyona msebenzi uphambiliEzi zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulu kuba indibano yazo ibiza ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye iyakhawuleza kunenethiwekhi ngokusebenzisa iintambo ze-ethernet.
Xa siqesha uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi (andizukubuyela kwiimodem ze-14.400, 28.800 kunye ne-56.000 bps), abaqhubi bafake imodem ebisinika unxibelelwano lwe-ADSL, Imodem ekufuneka siyidibanisile kwi-PC yethu ngentambo ye-RJ45 ethernet.
Ukuba sifuna ukonwabela iWi-Fi, kwafuneka sithenge umzila Independent ukuyiqhagamshela kwi-router kwaye oku kusasaza isignali ngaphandle kwamacingo kwikhaya okanye kwizakhiwo ukuba yiofisi.
Okwangoku zonke ii-routers ezifakwe ngabaqhubi kubandakanya umsebenzi we-routerKuba ii-AIO (zonke-in-nye) ukuze abasebenzisi kungafuneki batyale imali kwi-router eyongezelelweyo ukuze babe nonxibelelwano ngaphandle kwamacingo ekhaya okanye eofisini, nangona uninzi luthanda ukwenza njalo ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wemodem- imizila abaqhubi abayifakayo ukwenzela ukuba yandisa umqondiso we-Wi-Fi kunye / okanye ukhethe ukusebenzisa Izikhulisi zeWi-Fi.
ukuba qhagamshela kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi Kufuneka sazi izinto ezimbini kuphela: igama lenethiwekhi (eyaziwa njenge I-SSID) kunye negama eligqithisiweyo lenethiwekhi. Nje ukuba sixhume kwinethiwekhi, siya kuba nakho ukufikelela kuzo zonke iikhompyuter ezixhumeneyo, ukuba nje ikhompyuter ivumela ikhompyuter ukuba yabelane ngedatha nothungelwano.
Idityanisiwe kodwa ngaphandle kokufikelela kwi-intanethi: ungayilungisa njani?
Njengoko bendiphawulile kwimihlathi eyadlulayo, Isisombululo kule ngxaki asiyodwa, kuba zininzi izinto ezinokuthi ziphazamise unxibelelwano.
Intambo icinyiwe
Ukuba sihambise umzila okanye sihambisa nje kancinci ukuyicoca, kunokwenzeka ukuba intambo yoxhumo lwe-intanethi evela esitratweni, iye yakhululeka okanye ayinxibelelani kakuhle. Ngamanye amaxesha esona sisombululo sicacileyo sesokugqibela ukuba siqwalaselwe xa kufanele ukuba sesokuqala.
Qala kabusha i-router
Uninzi lweerutha zanamhlanje zenzelwe ukuba hlala ngokusisigxina ngaphandle kokubonelela ngeengxaki zomsebenzi. Isisombululo esilula njengokuqalisa kwakhona i-router yethu sinokuba sisisombululo kwingxaki yokunxibelelana kwi-intanethi yonxibelelwano lwethu.
Hlaziya useto lwenethiwekhi
Esinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni sinokunxibelelana nenethiwekhi kodwa singalonwabeli uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi kungenxa yokuba ungqubano lwe-IPs zenethiwekhi yethu. Kwezi meko, isisombululo kukuseta kwakhona useto lwenethiwekhi ukuze ikhadi lizilinganise ngokuzenzekelayo lisebenzisa ezinye iisetingi ze-IP ezinganxulunyaniswa naso nasiphi na isixhobo esidityaniswe nenethiwekhi.
Jonga i-firewall
IWindows firewall yiyo ejongene nokulawula konke unxibelelwano olusekwe kunye nezixhobo Ukuthintela abahlobo babanye abantu ekubeni bakwazi ukufikelela kwizixhobo zethu ukuba sinesibuko esivulekileyo okanye unxibelelwano olungafanelekanga.
Ukuba uqhagamshele kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kwaye iqela libuze ukuba siyafuna na ukuqhagamshela kwi-intanethi ngonxibelelwano olo, siphendule ngelithi hayi, asinakuze sikwazi ukunxibelelana ne-intanethi, ke kuyakufuneka susa olo nxibelelwano kwaye ulongeze kwakhona kwikhompyuter.
Dlulisa i-antivirus
Nangona kunjalo Windows Defender, iantivirus edityaniswe kuyo Windows 10 yenye yezona zinto zintle esinokuzifumana okwangoku kwimarike, ungahlala kudlule uhlobo oluthile lwefayile ifikelele kwiqela lethu ngokusebenzisa i-hard drive yangaphandle, ipendrive okanye enye indlela.
Akukaze kube buhlungu ukuya kwi-antivirus zonke izixhobo zokugcina / iiyunithi esizidibanisa nezixhobo zethu, kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba sifumane uhlobo oluthile lwentsholongwane efihliweyo kwilayibrari hayi kwindawo ephunyeziweyo kulapho ukukhangela i-antivirus kwezinto ezinobungozi.
Inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi ngaphandle konxibelelwano lwe-intanethi
Zonke ii-routers ezifakwe ngabaqhubi, ubuninzi ubuninzi, zibonelela ngo-2,4 GHz kunye no-5 Ghz. Ngelixa ezangaphambili zijolise ekunikezeleni uluhlu olukhulu, iinethiwekhi ze-5 GHz zisinika isantya sonxibelelwano esiphakamileyo. Eyona nto iqhelekileyo kukuba zombini iinethiwekhi zisebenze, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba yenye yezixhobo esizisebenzisayo, ayihambelani neenethiwekhi ze-5 GHz.
Nangona ayiqhelekanga, kodwa iqhelekile ngokweendidi ezahlukeneyo zamatyala, abanye abasebenzisi Nciphisa uqhagamshelo kwi-intanethi kwelinye lamabhanti, ikakhulu i-5GHz ngelixa inethiwekhi ye-2,4 GHz inikwe umda ekwabelaneni ngomxholo ekhaya okanye eofisini. Ukuba kunjalo, kufuneka sivavanye ukuba ngaba iinethiwekhi zombini esinxibelelana nazo ziyafikelela kwi-intanethi ukukhuphela ingxaki.
Iingxaki zomqhubi
Ingxaki yokuqala ekufuneka siyikhuphile ngaphandle kokuba siqale ukucinga malunga nengxaki kukuyalela ukuba yi izehlo zomgca, ingxaki ethintela i-intanethi ukuba ifikelele kwi-modem-router yethu kwaye ilawula ukuyisasaza ekhayeni lethu okanye eofisini.
Eyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokujonga ukuba ngaba sinonxibelelwano lwe-intanethi Sebenzisa esinye isixhobo. Ukuba inonxibelelwano lwe-intanethi, ingxaki ikwikhompyuter yethu.
Kule meko, eyona nto sinokuyenza yile cima indawo yokufikelela kwinethiwekhi kwaye uphinde uyenze kwakhona, kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba sifake isicelo esiphazamisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi okanye, ngokungachazwanga, sichukumise icandelo loqwalaselo lonxibelelwano.
Ukuba sisebenzisa impinda
Abaphindayo bemiqondiso ye-Wi-Fi kufuneka babe kufutshane noluhlu lwe-router ukuze bakwazi ukuphinda uphawu kunye nomgangatho. Ukuba umqondiso omele ukuwuphinda awukho mgangathweni, kuba ukhona Ukuphazamiseka kombane ngendlela okanye i-router ikude kulowo uyiphindayo, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba nangona sinokunxibelelana nokuphindayo, asinalo uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi.
Ayililo ikhadi lenethiwekhi
Ukuba isixhobo sethu sifumana qhagamshela kwinethiwekhi kodwa unxibelelwano lwe-intanethiIngxaki ayizukufunyanwa kwikhadi lenethiwekhi, kuba lixhuma kwi-router, enoxanduva lokuhambisa uxhulumaniso lwe-intanethi olufunyenwe kwimodem edibeneyo.
Akunjalo ne-DNS
I-DNS abananto kwaphela yokwenza nokuba sinokufikelela kwi-intanethi okanye hayi, kwaye umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula amagama aqondakalayo kubantu abachongiweyo abanxulumene neekhompyuter ezixhumeke kwinethiwekhi ukuze babone kwaye baqondise iikhompyuter kwiiseva apho amaphepha ewebhu abekwe khona .
Iphepha ngalinye lewebhu liyidilesi ye-IP, kodwa ukwenza kube lula ukukhumbula amagama, amagama ahambelana nee-IPs asetyenziswa. Ayifani ukufaka idilesi ye-IP kaGoogle kwisikhangeli (ucinga ukuba yayiyi-333.54.445.111) kunegoogle.es, kodwa ke xa sibhala ugoogle.es Inkqubo inoxanduva lokuhambisa kwakhona i-URL kwi-IP ehambelanayo.
Enye inkalo ekufuneka uyiqwalasele
Inye into kukunxibelelana kwenethiwekhi yethu, unxibelelwano esilwenzayo xa sixhuma kumzila wekhompyuter yethu kwaye olunye unxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi olwenziwe ngemodem. Singanxibelelana nenethiwekhi yethu kodwa hayi kwi-intanethi ukuba umboneleli unesehlo. Nangona singenayo i-intanethi, Singaqhubeka nokwabelana ngezixhobo kunye / kunye neefayile ngaphezulu kwenethiwekhi.