Asinakukhanyela ukuba isigama sesiNgesi sifutshane kunemikhono yevest, kwaye iguqulela kumagama anqabileyo njengale siza kuthetha ngayo kweli nqaku: I-Intanethi yezinto (IoT). Inguqulelo yeSpanish ayikhange incede ukuphucula le ngcamango: I-Intanethi yezinto.
Kule nqaku siza kukubonisa yintoni i-Intanethi yezinto, yintoni na, yintoni inzuzo kunye nokungonakali kunye neminye imizekelo yeemveliso ze-IoT mhlawumbi ozisebenzisayo ekhaya lakho, kodwa ungazi.
Yintoni i-Intanethi yezinto
Eyokuqala ukuba igama le-Intanethi yeZinto lasetyenziswa ngowe-1999 eMassachusetts Institute of Technology, eyaziwa ngokuba yiMIT, apho uphando lwenziwa kwinkalo yokuchongwa kwe izinto ngamaza kanomathotholo.
Umbono wolu phando yayikukukwazi ukwazi ukuba ziphi na, zisetyenziswa njani, zidlule phi na, ukuba kukho into evuliweyo okanye evaliweyo ngamaza kanomathotholo. Njengoko iminyaka yayihamba, igama elithi IoT ladalwa ngokusemthethweni (I-Intanethi yezinto).
Itekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yeZinto ibhekisa kwisixhobo ngasinye esiqhagamshelwe kwi-intanethi thina vumela ukuqokelelwa kolwazi lwalo naluphi na uhlobo.
Asithethi ngeekhompyuter, ii-smartphones, iitafile kunye nabanye, kodwa malunga nezixhobo ezincinci ezinazo zonke iintlobo zezivamvo ezikwaziyo ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela kwabantu.
Izixhobo ze-Intanethi zezinto
Nje ukuba sisazi ukusebenza kwento ebizwa ngokuba yi-Intanethi yeZinto, sinokufumana umbono wokuba zeziphi izixhobo eziwela kolu didi. Okulandelayo, ndikubonisa uluhlu kunye ne intanethi yezixhobo zezinto eyona ixhaphakileyo neyaziwayo:
- IiThermostats,
- Izivamvo zokufuma
- Iithermometer
- Izivamvo zocango
- IiDimmers
- Izixhobo zokulinganisa isantya ezifumaneka ezindleleni (andithethi ngeerada)
- Iifriji
- Oomatshini bokuhlamba iimpahla
- Isihlambi zitya
- Izitovu
- Isikali
- Iikhamera zokhuseleko
- Iithegi zeNdawo eziSmart
- Izinto ezikhethekileyo zempahla kuquka nezihlangu
- Iibhanti zokubeka iliso ezihlahleni
- Iiwotshi Smart
- Izixhobo zokulandelela GPS
- Izithethi ezihlakaniphile.
Ngokubanzi, nasiphi na isixhobo sombane esikwaziyo isebenze ngokuzimeleyo kwaye isasaze idatha kwi-intanethi (kungekhona ngamaza kanomathotholo njengoko bekucwangcisiwe ekuqaleni, nangona ezinye izixhobo zixhomekeke kuyo, njengeebhakhoni zendawo), zithathwa njengezixhobo ze-Intanethi zeZinto.
Izixhobo eziwela kwi-Intanethi yeZinto kudidi, inokunxulunyaniswa ne-automations. Umzekelo, ukuba i-sensor yokukhanya esinayo kwifestile yekhaya lethu ifumanisa ukuba kuya kuba mnyama, iya kwenza iimotor ze-blinds kwaye zithobe.
Omnye umzekelo. Ukuba sishiye umnyango wendlu uvulekile ixesha ebesisungule ngaphambili kwisixhobo esilawula ukuba umnyango uvulekile okanye uvaliwe, isaziso siya kuboniswa kwi-smartphone yomsebenzisi emxelela ngale meko ukuze athathe inyathelo.
Ukuba lucango lwegaraji, sinokuyilungisa ukuze, emva kwemizuzu emi-5 ukusuka ekuvulweni kwayo, iqhubeke vala ngokuzenzekelayo.
Izinto eziluncedo kwi-Intanethi yeZinto
Ulawulo lwemithombo
Le teknoloji ivumela iinkampani kunye nabasebenzisi ukuba benze a ulawulo lwezibonelelo ngokuzenzekelayo. Kwezolimo isetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni imeko yomhlaba, ngoncedo lwezinzwa ezahlukeneyo, ezivumela ukuba sazi xa kuyimfuneko ukunkcenkceshela.
Inyathelo elikhawulezileyo
Kwizothutho isetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya iimeko zendlela, kwiindlela ukuya Fumana isantya kumacandelo athile kwaye wazise abasebenzisi ngophawu olukhanyayo ...
Kwiyeza livumela oogqirha ukuba benze a ukufakela esweni, kwizibhedlele ukuguqula imilo yebhedi ukuba ivumelane nokuba isigulana silele, sifuna ukuvuka ...
Ukugcina ixesha
Akunjalo, ukuqokelela ulwazi kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nokufuma kwezikhululo zemozulu ezisasazwa kulo lonke ilizwe ngokwenza umnxeba ozenzekelayo. Ugcino oluvumelayo Hlalutya idatha ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi.
Uhlalutyo lwedatha
Ukukwazi ukuqokelela idatha kwizixhobo ezihlakaniphile kuvumela yenza uhlalutyo malunga nexesha lokwenyani, nto leyo, eyenza ukuba kube nokwenzeka ukukhawulezisa ukwenza izigqibo, ezinokuthi ngamanye amaxesha zibe yingozi.
Ukungalungi kwi-Intanethi yeZinto
Isoftware ayikhuselekanga
Ngaphambili, bekukho Ukuhlaselwa kweDDoS Nge-Intanethi yezixhobo zeZinto, ukwaliwa kohlaselo lwenkonzo apho abancedisi bayeka ukusebenza xa befumana inani elikhulu lezicelo zokufikelela.
Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi, unegama lomsebenzisi elifanayo kunye negama lokugqitha, ukuvumela abahlobo babanye ukuba benze ezi ntlobo zohlaselo olukhulu. Kodwa kwakhona, unokuzikhubaza zonke ngaxeshanye, kungoko eyona nto ingcono yokwenza kukutshintsha, okokuqala sizisebenzisa, igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha.
Ulwazi alufihlwanga
Enye inqaku elibi itekhnoloji ye-Intanethi yeZinto isinika yona yile ulwazi alufihlwanga nangaliphi na ixesha, ngakumbi phakathi kwezixhobo ezingabizi kakhulu kwimarike.
Oku kuvumela abahlobo babanye ukuba bafumane olo lwazi. Ukuba ziikhamera zokhuseleko, unokucinga ukunyhashwa okunzulu kobumfihlo bethu, ngakumbi ukuba loo mifanekiso igqiba ukujikeleza kwi-intanethi.
Ukunqongophala kokuhambelana
Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo, njengoko akukhange kubekho protocol enye ekufuneka ilandelwe, umenzi ngamnye ulungelelanise eyokuqala ayibonayo, ukuyibeka engalunganga kwaye ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke ezininzi izixhobo ezindala azihambelani.
Ngethamsanqa, uGoogle, iApple, kunye neAmazon bazibophelele kuyo sebenzisa iprotocol yeZigbee, enye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ngoko oku kuya kuba ngumgangatho ngaphakathi kwishishini lesixhobo esihlakaniphile kwixesha elizayo kunye neengxaki zokuhambelana ziya kuphelisa ekugqibeleni.
Funa utyalo-mali
Oku kungalunganga incinci ngokwentelekiso kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba, ngotyalo-mali olwenziwayo, siya kukwazi ukulawula izibonelelo ngendlela efanelekileyo kakhulu, ukuze ekugqibeleni, utyalo-mali olwenziweyo lubuyekezwe ngokukhawuleza.