A cikin kwamfuta, yawancin kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su ba a fassara shi cikin Mutanen Espanya ko wani yare ba, ko da yaushe yana amfani da kalmomi na asali, wanda a cikin kusan 100% na lokuta ya zo daga Turanci. RAM, Motherboard, ROM, HD, Socket, BIOS wasu misalai ne.
Koyaya, zamu iya samun su azaman sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa idan an fassara su kamar yadda lamarin yake hard drive, motherboard, memory… A cikin wannan labarin za mu mai da hankali kan Socket, idan da an iya fassara wannan kalmar azaman soket, wanda shine ainihin abin da yake.
Menene Socket
motherboard a cikin kwamfuta, ita ce allon da aka haɗa kowane ɗayan abubuwan da aka haɗa wanda ya ƙunshi kayan aikin kwamfuta, irin su RAM, haɗin haɗin faifai, katin zane da sauran na'urori, gami da haɗa haɗin haɗin USB daidai.
Har ila yau, ya haɗa da soket, wanda, kamar yadda na nuna a sama, soket a cikin kwamfuta (ana amfani da wannan kalmar da intanet) ba kome ba ne kawai. soket ko ramin inda processor yake. Ta wannan hanyar, za mu iya sabunta na'urar sarrafa kayan aikinmu don wani mai jituwa tare da soket ɗaya, tun da ba a sayar da shi ba.
Sockets sun haɗa da wasu shirye-shiryen riƙewa waɗanda ke amfani da ƙarfi akai-akai har sai sun saka a cikin farantin. An ƙera waɗannan faifan bidiyo don guje wa lanƙwasa fil ɗin sarrafawa a lokacin da aka saka su a cikin soket, tunda, idan hakan ya faru, za a tilasta mana mu yi amfani da ƙarfe na ƙarfe don ba za a iya maye gurbinsu ba.
Welded ko maye gurbinsu
Ana amfani da kwasfa na CPU a ciki tebur da sabobin, tunda yana ba da damar sabunta ayyukansa ta hanyar maye gurbin na'ura mai sarrafawa kawai, ba tare da canza dukkan allo ba.
Akan kwamfutoci masu ɗaukar nauyi, ana siyar da processor zuwa soket, don haka ba zai yiwu a sabunta shi ba. Hakanan yana faruwa akan na'urorin hannu, kodayake a cikin wannan filin an yi yunƙuri masu ban sha'awa waɗanda, da rashin alheri, ba su zama sananne ba.
Kamar yadda fil ɗin ya ƙaru a cikin kwasfa na zamani, karuwar bukatu akan fasahar kere kere na allon kewayawa da aka buga, wanda ke ba da damar aika adadin sigina masu yawa zuwa abubuwan da aka gyara.
Fasahar masana'anta ta dogara ne akan nanometer 5, 7, 10 waɗanda ke ba da izini ƙara ƙarin transistor zuwa na'urori masu sarrafawa. Ƙarƙashin wannan lambar, ana iya ƙara ƙarin transistor zuwa na'ura mai sarrafawa ta amfani da sarari iri ɗaya.
Yawancin kwasfa da za mu iya samu a kasuwa, an tsara su a hade don a saka su kusa da heatsink zafi, wanda ke rage yawan zafin jiki lokacin da yake aiki a matsakaicin iko.
Tare da na'urar bushewa, an kuma shigar da shi, a cikin kayan aiki mafi ƙarfi. fan ɗaya ko sama da haka don taimakawa aikin mai sarrafa sanyi da hana shi tsayawa na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi sama da al'ada.
Menene soket don me?
Socket akan motherboard na kwamfutar tebur ɗin mu yana ba mu damar haɗa mai sarrafawa zuwa allon. Processor shine injin da ake buƙata don kwamfutar ta sami fa'ida ko ƙasa da haka. Idan na'ura mai sarrafa ta kasa da ƙarfi, za mu iya maye gurbinsa da wani in dai ya dace.
Alal misali: Injin mai lita 1,6 (wanda a cikin yanayinmu zai zama CPU / processor) baya ba mu ikon iri ɗaya kamar injin mai lita 2, kodayake duka biyun suna amfani da aikin jiki iri ɗaya (wanda a cikin wannan yanayin zai zama motherboard). .
Ba duk na'urori masu sarrafawa ba ne masu dacewa da duk allunan ba duk allunan sun dace da duk na'urori masu sarrafawa ba. A kasuwa za mu iya samun adadi mai yawa na masana'anta na uwa amma masana'antun sarrafawa guda biyu kawai: Intel da AMD.
Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, sabon ƙarni na processor suna da buƙatun soket daban-daban, don haka ba za ku iya amfani da tsohuwar allo tare da na'ura mai sarrafawa na zamani ba.
Wannan saboda allon dole ne ya dace da fasahar sarrafawa don samun damar cin moriyarsa sosai.
Hakanan, goyan baya tare da na'urori masu sarrafawa na AMD ba su da goyan bayan Intel kuma akasin haka, tunda su kansu masana’antun sarrafa kayan masarufi ne ke zayyana sockets na uwayen uwa.
Ana sayar da soket ɗin zuwa motherboard, don haka ba za a iya maye gurbin wannan da wani ba kamar muna iya yin da na'urori masu sarrafawa. Idan muna son sabunta na'urar sarrafa kayan aikin kwamfutar mu, dole ne mu saya processor wanda ya dace da soket, kuma dole ne ya kasance daga masana'anta iri ɗaya da na'ura.
Nau'in haɗin haɗin gwiwa
Farashin LGA
Kamar yadda fasaha ta ci gaba a cikin ƙirar processor, nau'in haɗin kuma ya samo asali, Domin bayar da mafi girman aiki, mafi kyawun haɗin kai da kuma iya ba da iko mafi girma.
Haɗin DIP ko DIL (kunshin in-line dual), ita ce ta farko da aka yi amfani da ita tare da Intel 8088 da 8088, tare da layi guda biyu na layi daya na fil masu siffar rectangular wanda ya sanya soket. Har ila yau ana amfani da irin wannan soket a wasu samfurori tare da fasaha mai sauƙi, kodayake yana da wuyar samun su.
Daga baya aka yi amfani da haɗin PLCC (Mai ɗaukar guntu mara guba) tare da Intel 80186, 80286 da 80836, guntu wanda ya zagaya tukwici na fil kuma an cushe shi cikin yumbu don kiyaye zafin jiki.
Farashin PGA (pin grid tsararru, Pin Grid Matrix) an yi shi ta hanyar ƙananan fil ɗin ƙarfe da aka warwatse ko'ina cikin injin sarrafawa. Na'urar sarrafawa ta farko mai irin wannan hanyar ita ce Intel 80486 a cikin 1989 kuma AMD ta yi amfani da shi.
Haɗin nau'in BGA (ball grid tsararru, ball grid array) ana yin su ta hanyar ƙananan fil waɗanda ke da madauwari a siffar da aka sanya a cikin soket. Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar sun dace cikin ramukan CPU kuma ana gyara su ta hanyar siyarwa, don haka ba za a iya maye gurbinsu ba.
Haɗin nau'in LGA (ƙasa grid tsararru, grid contact matrix) ana yin ta ta hanyoyin sadarwa waɗanda suka dace tsakanin na CPU da na soket. Wannan shine nau'in haɗin da ake amfani dashi a halin yanzu a yawancin na'urori na zamani. An fara amfani da shi a cikin 2012 tare da Intel Xeon