Yi aiki tare da shirye -shiryen falle kamar Excel yana ba da dama mara iyaka godiya ga amfani da dabaru da lissafi daban -daban. Ayyukan da ake samu suna rufe kusan duk wata buƙata da muke da ita don takaddun iliminmu da ƙwararru. A yau za mu mai da hankali musamman kan tambayar yadda ake lissafin daidaitattun karkacewa a cikin Excel.
Menene daidaitattun karkacewa?
Wannan ra'ayi yana da matukar mahimmanci yayin yin lissafin ƙididdiga. Hakanan an san shi da sunayen daidaitattun karkacewa ko daidaitattun karkacewa, ana wakilta su a taƙaice hanya tare da ƙaramin harafin ƙaramin harafin Girkanci sigma (σ) ko harafin Latin "s". Hakanan galibi ana wakilta ta acronym SD, daga Ingilishi bambanci na yau da kullum.
Ana amfani da wannan mita don ƙididdige bambancin ko watsawa saiti ko samfurin bayanan adadi. Daidaitaccen karkacewa koyaushe ya fi ko daidai da sifili. Lokacin da matakin karkacewa yayi ƙasa (kusa da sifili), yana nufin cewa mafi yawan bayanan an tattara su kusa da ma'ana; A gefe guda, babban karkacewa yana nuna cewa bayanan sun fi tarwatsawa kuma suna rufe fa'idodi masu yawa.
Ana iya lissafin daidaitattun karkacewa aikace -aikace masu amfani sosai a wasu nazarin ilimin lissafi. Babban fa'idarsa shine ya bamu damar sanin matakin matsakaicin watsawa mai canzawa, wato, yadda nisan ƙimomi daban -daban na ƙungiya suke daga matsakaicin ƙima.
Misalai daban -daban guda uku na alaƙar da ke tsakanin ma'ana da karkacewar mizani
El mai hoto akan waɗannan layin yana nuna misalai daban -daban guda uku na daidaitattun karkacewa: babba, matsakaici da ƙasa, kowanne yana da alaƙa da wani ƙima.
Hanya mara kyau don bayyana ta shine tare da misali mai zuwa. Abubuwa biyu daban -daban:
- Halin 1: Bari muyi tunanin ƙungiyar 'yan uwan juna 38, 40 da 42. Matsakaicin shine 40, amma daidaitattun karkacewa ƙasa ce, tunda duk ƙimar tana kusa da shi, tare da ƙimomin da ke tsakanin shekaru biyu kaɗai ban da matsakaicin ƙima.
- Maganin 2Yanzu bari muyi tunanin shekarun shekarun 'yan uwan sune shekaru 25, 40 da 55. Ma'anar har yanzu zata kasance 40, amma yaduwar ta fi girma. Wato, mizanin karkacewa ya fi girma, tare da ƙimar da ke da shekaru goma sha biyar daga matsakaicin darajar.
Sanin matsakaici da daidaitattun karkacewa na rarraba jerin bayanai, yana yiwuwa a lissafta yuwuwar samun sakamako mafi girma ko ƙasa dangane da wani ƙima. Kodayake yana iya zama kamar baƙon abu ga mutane da yawa, wannan lissafin yana da fa'ida sosai a ƙirar ƙirar kuɗi, misali.
Amma maimakon gudanar da haɗarin ɓacewa a cikin mazan ilmin lissafi, bari mu mai da hankali kan babban tambaya da jigon jigon mu: yadda ake lissafin daidaiton karkacewa a cikin Excel.
Yadda ake lissafin daidaitattun karkacewa a cikin Excel
Kashe wannan lissafin lissafi a cikin takardar aikin Excel abu ne mai sauqi da sauri. Don cimma wannan dole ne mu bi waɗannan matakan:
- Da farko a fili za a samu shigar da Microsoft Excel kuma samun dama ga maƙunsar Wannan ya ƙunshi bayanan daga abin da muke son samun daidaiton karkacewa.
- Na gaba dole ne mu gabatar da ƙimar da muke son amfani da su. Don wannan za mu zaɓi shafi da za mu rubuta darajar kowane bayanai a cikin kowane sel.
- Da zarar mun shigar da duk bayanan da ke cikin rukunin da aka zaɓa, mataki na gaba zai zama danna kan blank cell. Wannan ita ce tantanin halitta da aka zaɓa don sakamakon wanda ƙimar daidaiton daidaituwa zai bayyana.
- Sama a mashaya za mu gabatar da dabara na daidaitaccen karkacewa ga sel mara amfani da muka zaɓa. Formula shine:
= KYAUTA.P (XX: XX)
STDEV takaice ne don "daidaitaccen karkacewa," yayin da P ke wakiltar yawan jama'a, "wato," samfurin. " Ƙimar da ke cikin raƙuman ta dace da zaɓaɓɓun sel waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙimomi daban -daban na wannan samfurin.
- Mataki na gaba shine sanya kewayon ƙima akan wanda Excel zai yi lissafi. Dole ne a shigar da wannan daidai tsakanin rakodin. A can dole ku rubuta harafi da lambar kowace sel. Idan ƙwayoyin suna da alaƙa, alal misali, daga A2 zuwa A20, kawai za mu rubuta na farko da na ƙarshe ta hanyar hanji (:). Bin wannan misalin, zai zama kamar haka: = STDEV.P (A2: A20).
- Mataki na ƙarshe shine danna maɓallin «Shiga» don Excel don amfani da dabara kuma nuna sakamakon a cikin tantanin da aka zaɓa a farkon.
Aikin STDE a cikin Microsoft Excel yana amfani da dabara mai zuwa:
Inda "x" ke ɗaukar darajar matsakaicin samfurin yana nufin (darajar1, darajar2, ...) kuma "n" tana wakiltar girmanta.
Sauran ƙididdigar ƙididdiga tare da Excel
Baya ga sanin yadda ake ƙididdige daidaitattun karkacewa a cikin Excel, yana da yuwuwar lokacin shirya bayanai a cikin daftarin aikinmu dole ne mu koma ga wasu dabaru. Mafi na kowa sune waɗanda ke ba mu damar ƙididdige ƙimomi kamar ma'ana, tsaka -tsaki, yanayin, da bambancin.
kafofin watsa labaru,
Kamar yadda kowa ya sani, da kafofin watsa labaru, (wanda kuma ake kira ma'anar lissafi) shine sakamakon ƙara ƙimomin lambobi daban -daban da raba su ta jimlar adadin abubuwa a cikin jerin. Don samun ma'ana, tsarin kusan iri ɗaya ne da wanda aka yi amfani da shi don ƙididdige daidaitaccen karkacewa a cikin Excel. Bambanci kawai shine dabarar da ake amfani da ita, wanda a wannan yanayin shine: = AVERAGE (valueX: valueY).
Matsakaici
La mediya na saitin lambobi, wanda galibi yana rikicewa da ma'ana, shine ƙimar da ke tsakiyar matsayi na jerin. Ba dole bane ya dace da ma'ana. Tsarin da ake amfani da shi don lissafin sa a cikin Excel shine: = MADIYA (valueX: valueY).
Fashion
La Moda na saitin lambobi shine ƙimar da aka maimaita sau da yawa. Kuma ba lallai bane ya dace da matsakaici ko matsakaici. Formula don ƙididdige shi a cikin Excel shine: = Yanayin (valueX: valueY).
sãɓã wa jũna
Wannan ra'ayi yana da ɗan rikitarwa fiye da na baya. The bambancin yana da alaƙa da ma'ana da karkatacciyar hanya. Wata hanya ce ta auna warwatsewar jerin tsararren lambobi, kawai tana nufin “tazara” inda saitin ƙimomi ke nesa da ma'ana. Dabarar: = VAR (valueX: valueY).