I-Progressive Web Applications (i-PWA yesichazamazwi sayo esiNgisini) izalwe ngesandla seGoogle ifuna isidingo salokho dala uhlelo lokusebenza oluguquguqukayo noluguquguqukayo kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bewebhu kuphela obekuqhubeka isikhathi buthola ukuthandwa ikakhulukazi kumasistimu wezinto eziphilayo, ngoba inqubo yokuqapha izitolo zohlelo lokusebenza yeqiwe.
Kodwa Yini i-PWA? Ayenzelani ama-PWAs? Yiziphi izinzuzo abasinikeza zona uma kuqhathaniswa nezicelo zendabuko? Uma ungafuni ukwazi nje ukuthi lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenza kanjani, kodwa nokuthi ungazuza kanjani kakhulu kuzo kukhompyutha yakho noma kumadivayisi eselula, ngiyakumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunde.
Yini i-PWA
Njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, i-PWA (uhlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu oluqhubekayo), elihunyushwe njengohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu oluqhubekayo, akuyona nje into ewuhlobo lwesicelo itholakala ngesiphequluli kusetshenziswa i-HTML kuphela, i-CSS neJavaScript.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ziyatholakala futhi ziyahambisana nawo wonke amapulatifomu asebenzisa isiphequluli esihambisana nalezi zindinganiso, ngakho-ke zingafakwa kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza.
Uma sezifakiwe kudivayisi, zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nohlelo lokusebenza, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi, yize kungenxa yemvelo yayo, ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi, kuncane noma akukho okumele kuboniswe.
I-PWA uhlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu olusebenza ngendlela efanayo njengoba lusebenza kusiphequluli kepha ngaphandle kokubonisa isikhombimsebenzisi esifanayo, ngakho-ke kunikeza ukubonakala kohlelo lokusebenza oluzimele.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ungasebenzisi izinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokusabalalisa okufana ne-App Store ku-iOS ne-Google Play Isitolo ku-Android, ukuze bangeze imisebenzi isistimu yokusebenza okukhulunywa ngayo engayifaki ngaphakathi kwemihlahlandlela yayo.
Okunye ukuqina kwalezi zicelo ukuthi thatha isikhala esincane kakhulu kudivayisi lapho efakwe khona, ayidingi izibuyekezo (zivuselelwa ngokuzenzakalela njengoba ukwakheka kwekhasi lewebhu kushintsha) futhi kunjalo isekela izaziso.
Izici zama-PWAs
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo zewebhu zizalwe ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusiza onjiniyela bakwazi dala izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinqamulelayo ngoba igwema umsebenzi wokwenza izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo ngalunye olusebenzayo, kungaba yi-Android, iOS, Windows, MacOS, Linux ... Futhi banochungechunge lwezici ezibenza babe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo:
- Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yisiphi isikrini, kungaba umqaphi, ithebhulethi, iselula noma enye idivayisi enesikrini.
- Ngokungafani nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa isilondolozi ukulayisha idatha, izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu azigcini idatha kusuka kusevisi, ngakho-ke ngokugwema ukuhlola idatha eshintshile, zilayisha okuqukethwe ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Isebenza ungaxhunywanga ku-inthanethi.
- Basebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-HTTPSIphrothokholi evikela okuqukethwe okuthunyelwa kusuka kuseva kuye kudivayisi kusuka ekufinyeleleni okungafuneki.
- wakhe ingaphinde ixhunywe, ngakho ziyahambisana susa izaziso.
- Ungakwazi faka bese wabelana kalula nge-url.
- Akudingi izibuyekezo.
Izicelo ze-PWA
Njengoba iminyaka ihamba, onjiniyela abaningi ngokwengeziwe banikela ukwesekwa kwalezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza. Ezinye ezaziwa kakhulu nge Twitter, I-YouTube, Spotify, I-Instagram, Uber, iTelegram, iPinterest neFacebook izinsizakalo ezisivumela ukuthi sifake izinhlelo zokusebenza kudeskithophu yethu kanye / noma kudivayisi yeselula. Akuzona zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-PWA ezingafakwa kumadivayisi wedeskithophu, kodwa kuwo wonke amadivayisi eselula.
Uma sikhuluma ngezicelo zeselula, singathola I-Google Stadia, IMicrosoft xCloud y GeForce kusuka kuNvidia. Lezi zingxenyekazi zisivumela ukuba sidlale noma yimuphi umdlalo ogijima kumaseva abo kusuka kudivayisi yethu yeselula. Ngoba i-Apple ayizivumeli lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuwukuphela kwesixazululo esike senzeka kube ukudala lezi zinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza okungakaze kudlule ku-App Store.
Uma ufuna ukwazi izinhlelo eziningi zalolu hlobo, ungavakashela iwebhu tholaPWA, kuphi uzothola umkhombandlela obanzi nazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA ku-iPhone
Ukufaka i-PWA ku-iPhone kulula njengokuthi dala isinqamuleli esiya ekhasini lewebhu ukuthi sivakashele. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nale nqubo, uhlelo lwayo olungakadluli ku-App Store lwakhiwe kudeskithophu yedivayisi yethu, yingakho kungenye yezindlela ezisakaza amapulatifomu evidiyo ukunikela ngezinsizakalo zazo ngokweqa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Apple ukulinganiselwa kwesitolo.
Lapho sesisekhasini lewebhu lapho sifuna ukufaka khona i-PWA, chofoza inkinobho yokwabelana bese ukhetha inketho Faka esikrinini sasekhaya. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke, njalo uma sichofoza kuleso sithonjana, uhlelo lokusebenza luzovuleka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isiphequluli futhi luzoziphatha ngendlela efanayo nanoma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lokusebenza.
Ungayikhipha kanjani i-PWA ku-iPhone
Ukususa i-PWA ku-iPhone, kufanele senze inqubo efanayo naleyo esifuna ngayo susa uhlelo lokusebenza kusuka kudivayisi. Kufanele sicindezele futhi sibambe umunwe kuhlelo lokusebenza okukhulunywa ngalo bese ukhetha inketho yohlelo lokususa kuzo zonke izinketho ezisikhombisa zona.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA ku-Android
Usebenzisa iGoogle Chrome ku-Android, inqubo yokufaka uhlelo lokusebenza ilula njenge vakashela iwebhusayithi okukhulunywa ngayo Uma nje singenalo uhlelo lokusebenza olutholakala ku-Google Play Isitolo olufakiwe, ngoba uma kunjalo, lapho uvakashela iwebhusayithi, uhlelo lokusebenza olufakwe kwikhompyutha yethu luzovuleka ngokuzenzekelayo.
Lapho uvakashela ikhasi lewebhu lohlelo lokusebenza esifuna ukulifaka, kuzovela umyalezo osimemayo ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokufaka uhlelo lokusebenza olutholakala ku-Google Play Isitolo, izofaka inguqulo ye-PWA, inguqulo yohlelo lokusebenza olusinikeza imisebenzi efanayo esingayithola kuhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko.
Ungayikhipha kanjani i-PWA ku-Android
Njenge-iPhone, ukukhipha uhlelo lwe-PWA olufakwe ku-Android, kufanele sichofoze kuhlelo lokusebenza futhi idonsele phezulu kwesikrini, ikakhulukazi inketho yohlelo lokususa. Phakathi kwale nqubo, ethatha imizuzwana embalwa, izilungiselelo ze-Google ngeke zivule ukusimema ukuthi siqinisekise ukuthi sifuna ukususa uhlelo lokusebenza.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA ku-Chrome
Uma sisebenzisa i-Chrome njengesiphequluli sethu esiyinhloko futhi sifuna ukufaka i-PWA, kufanele sivakashele ikhasi lewebhu lapho likhona. Ngemuva kwalokho, ekugcineni kwebha yokusesha, chofoza ku isithonjana esibonisa umcibisholo waphansi futhi siyaqinisekisa ukuthi sifuna ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza.
Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, uhlelo lokusebenza luzovuleka ngokuzenzekelayo futhi luzotholakala ngaphakathi kwemenyu yokuqala yekhompyutha yethu njengohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa. Yini enye, kuzokwakhiwa isinqamuleli kudeskithophu yethu ngakho-ke akudingeki sizulazule kumamenyu eWindows.
Ungayikhipha kanjani i-PWA ku-Chrome
Uma sifuna ukukhipha i-PWA esiyifakile nge-Chrome, siya endaweni yayo kumenyu yokuqala, chofoza kuyo ngenkinobho yegundane elungile futhi Sikhetha inketho yokukhipha.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA ku-Microsoft Edge
Ukufaka i-PWA kusiphequluli seMicrosoft Edge ngokususelwa kunjini yeChromium, kufanele sivakashele ikhasi lewebhu lensiza. Ngaleso sikhathi, sichofoza kufayela le- isithonjana esimele izikwele ezintathu nesibonakaliso sokuhlanganisa. Lesi sithonjana simele ukuthi iwebhusayithi isinikeza uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-PWA esizolifaka kukhompyutha yethu.
Lapho sesiqinisekisile ukuthi sifuna ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza, ngokuzenzakalela izovuleka kukhompyutha yethu njengohlelo lokusebenza ezimele ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubonisa isikhombimsebenzisi sesiphequluli sewebhu.
Uhlelo lokusebenza luyatholakala ngaphakathi kwemenyu yokuqala yethimba lethu. Kepha ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi itholakala kwideskithophu njengesinqamuleli.
Ungayikhipha kanjani i-PWA ku-Microsoft Edge
Lapho ukhipha i-PWA, siya lapho kungaphakathi kwemenyu yokuqala, chofoza kuyo ngenkinobho efanele mouse bese ukhetha inketho yokukhipha.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA kuFirefox
Ngokudabukisayo, kusuka eMozilla Foundation, ngoJanuwari 2021 isuse ukwesekwa ukufaka lolu hlobo lohlelo kuhlobo lwedeskithophu, kepha lusatholakala kuzinguqulo zamadivayisi weselula. Ihlazo kithi sonke esisebenzisa iFirefox ngokuba esinye seziphequluli ezisivikela kakhulu lapho sisebenzisa i-inthanethi.
Ungayifaka kanjani i-PWA kwezinye iziphequluli
Inqubo yokufaka izinhlelo ze-PWA kwezinye iziphequluli kuyefana naku-Chrome naku-Microsoft Edge. Kumele nje sibheke isithonjana ekugcineni kwebha yekheli ngohlelo lokufaka i-legend noma okufanayo.