Ungawaxhuma kanjani ama-routers amabili kulayini ofanayo

Uma uhlala ekhaya elikhulu noma unenethiwekhi yasekhaya enkulu enamadivayisi amaningi, ukwengeza umzila wesibili kungase kube isisombululo esingcono kakhulu sokwandisa kokubili ukumbozwa kwezintambo nokungenantambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kufeza ukuthuthuka ekusebenzeni okuphelele. Kule post sizobona indlela yokuxhuma ama-routers amabili kulayini ofanayo, izinzuzo zayo kanye nezinye izindlela eziyinhloko.

Kulungile: kungenzeka ukumisa ama-routers amabili kunethiwekhi efanayo. Okubili noma ngaphezulu, uma kuyilokho esikudingayo noma esikufunayo kunethiwekhi yethu yasekhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, ungasetha irutha yesibili ukuze isebenze njenge-a uhla lokukhipha, noma ingalungiselelwa ukwabelana nge-SSID efanayo nerutha eyinhloko, okusho ukuthi amadivayisi akunethiwekhi yakho azohlala exhumeka kumzila ohlinzeka ngesignali eqine kakhulu.

Kunoma yikuphi, izinzuzo zisobala:

Izinzuzo zokuxhuma ama-routers amabili emugqeni ofanayo

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalokhu kuxhumana okukabili yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Uxhumano olukhulu lwamadivayisi anentambo. Irutha eyinhloko kunethiwekhi yasekhaya ivamise ukuba nenani elilinganiselwe lezimbobo ze-LAN ezitholakalayo zokuxhuma amadivayisi anentambo (kungaba ezinhlanu ezinhle kakhulu). Ngakho-ke, ukwengeza umzila wesibili kukhulisa kakhulu inani lamachweba e-Ethernet engeziwe atholakalayo.
• Usekelo olungcono lokusetha okuxubile ngentambo nokungenantambo. Ukuba nerutha yesibili kungaba wusizo kakhulu uma unenethiwekhi yasekhaya enezintambo ofuna futhi ukuxhuma kuyo amanye amadivayisi anikwe amandla i-Wi-Fi. Amarutha angahlukaniswa ngokwesibonelo njengalokhu: amadivayisi anezintambo azoqhubeka nokuxhuma kumzila oyinhloko, kuyilapho wonke amadivaysi angenantambo azoxhumeka kweyesibili. Lokhu kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi uma amadivaysi akho anezintambo atholakala ngakolunye uhlangothi lwendlu kumadivayisi akho angenantambo.
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwemishini ethile. Kuvame kakhulu ukuthi amanye amadivayisi esinawo ekhaya asebenzise uxhumo lenethiwekhi ngendlela eqine kakhulu. Yizona esizisebenzisa kakhulu, njengekhompyutha ephathekayo noma i-smartphone. Kulezi zimo, amarutha akabili angalungiswa ukuze ahlukanise amadivaysi athile futhi avimbele ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi eyeqile ukuthi engathinti amanye amadivaysi. Isibonelo, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa i-PC esidlulisa ngayo amafayela amakhulu ngokuqhubekayo noma esichitha ngayo amahora amaningi sidlala imidlalo ku-inthanethi nge-smart TV.
• Ukufakwa okungenantambo okuthuthukisiwe. Kungenye yezizathu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuxhuma i-router yesibili kulayini ofanayo. Isisiza ukuba sinwebe uxhumo olukhona lwe-Wi-Fi, sithuthukise kakhulu ukukhava ekhaya lethu futhi sinikeze uxhumano olungenantambo oluzinzile ngisho nakumadivayisi akude kakhulu.
• i-router eyisipele. Njengesixwayiso, akulimazi ukuba nerutha "yekhophi yasenqolobaneni" yesibili ekhaya elungele ukusetshenziswa uma kwenzeka i-router eyinhloko ihluleka ngokuzumayo noma iyeka ukusebenza.

Amarutha amabili, inethiwekhi eyodwa

Into yokuqala okufanele sinqume ngayo yimaphi kula ma-routers amabili azoba ngeyokuqala futhi okuzoba eyesibili. Into enengqondo kakhulu ukunikeza indima yenombolo yokuqala ye-router entsha, nakuba sinamarutha amabili afanayo, akunandaba kakhulu ukuthi iyiphi.

Okulandelayo, womabili amarutha kufanele abekwe eduze kwekhompyutha esizoyisebenzisela ukumisa. Uma inqubo isiqediwe, singazibeka ezindaweni ezihlukene ekhaya.

Kuzodingeka futhi unqume yini esibheke ukuyifinyelela ngerutha yesibili, njengoba uhlobo lokuxhuma luzoncika kulo:

• I-LAN iye ku-LAN ukunweba uxhumano lwenethiwekhi olukhona kanye ne-SSID ukuze ifake umzila wesibili. Lokhu kuxhumana kusivumela ukuthi sabelane ngamafayela phakathi kwamadivayisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi irutha baxhuma kuyo.
• I-LAN iya e-WAN ukudala inethiwekhi yesibili ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi enkulu esivumela ukuthi sibeke imikhawulo kunoma iyiphi idivayisi exhuma kuyo. Okubalulekile: Ukumisa okunjalo akusekeli ukwabelana kwefayela phakathi kwamanethiwekhi amabili ahlukene.

Xhuma amarutha amabili usebenzisa i-Ethernet

Lezi yizinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe uma sikhetha le ndlela:

Ukuxhuma kumzila oyinhloko

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlola ukuthi i-router ixhunywe kwimodemu ngentambo ye-Ethernet. Khona-ke kufanele xhuma ikhompyutha kumzila, usebenzisa enye intambo ye-Ethernet. Amamodeli athile wama-Windows PC nama-Macs awafiki efakwe imbobo ye-Ethernet. Kulezo zimo, akukho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokuthenga i-adaptha ye-Ethernet kuya ku-USB ukuze ukwazi ukwenza lokho kuxhumana ngekhebula.

Ngena ngemvume kumzila oyinhloko

Lena kuzoba umzila ozolawula uxhumo lwe-inthanethi ngemodemu. Kufanele siyilungiselele kube sengathi yiyona yodwa. Kulokhu kufanele finyelela isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu somzila. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lomzila kubha ye-URL yesiphequluli sethu sewebhu nokungena ngezansi.

I-Las izifakazelo ngokungena ngemvume (uma singakawashintshi) asekhadini abhajwe ngemuva kwedivayisi. Ukumiswa kwerutha ngayinye kungahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi kanye nemodeli. Uma ungabaza, kuyancomeka ukuthi ubheke imanuwali yomzila noma uvakashele isigaba sosekelo lwe-inthanethi kuwebhusayithi yomkhiqizi.

Ukucushwa kwe-DHCP

Lesi sinyathelo sidingeka kuphela esimweni sokucushwa kwe-LAN kuya ku-WAN. Lokhu kumayelana nokulungiselela i-DHCP ukuze inikeze amakheli phakathi kuka-192.168.1.2 no-192.168.1.50. Khona-ke, ukuze izinguquko zilondolozwe, kufanele uvale iseshini ye-router futhi uyikhiphe kukhompyutha.

Lesi sinyathelo sizofana uma i-DHCP idinga ukumiswa kumzila wesibili.

Ukucushwa kwe-router yesibili

Singena ku-router yesibili, njengoba nje senzile ngeyokuqala. Ukucushwa kwekheli le-IP kuzoncika ohlotsheni lokuxhuma:

• I-LAN iye ku-LAN: Shintsha ikheli le-IP ukuze lifane nele-router eyinhloko, kuphela ngokushintsha idijithi engaphambili enombolweni. Isibonelo: Uma umzila oyinhloko unekheli le-IP lika-192.168.1.1, umzila wesibili kufanele usebenzise 192.168.2.1.
• I-LAN iya e-WAN: Kufanele uguqule ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi libe ngu-192.168.1.51.

Ixhuma amarutha

Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuxhuma womabili amarutha komunye nomunye, nakuba ichweba okufanele silisebenzise lizohluka esimweni ngasinye:

• I-LAN ukuya ku-LAN: xhuma ingxenye eyodwa yekhebula ye-Ethernet kwenye yezimbobo ze-LAN ezitholakalayo ngemuva kwerutha eyinhloko bese enye isiphetho embobeni ye-LAN etholakalayo ngemuva kwesibili.
• I-LAN iya e-WAN: Xhuma ingxenye eyodwa yekhebula ye-Ethernet kwenye yezimbobo ze-LAN ezitholakalayo ngemuva kwerutha eyinhloko bese enye isiphetho uye embobeni ye-WAN ngemuva kwenye irutha. Kwesinye isikhathi kubhalwe ukuthi "I-inthanethi."

Xhuma amarutha amabili ngaphandle kwentambo

Ngaphambi kokuzama ukumisa irutha yesibili ngaphandle kwentambo, into yokuqala okudingeka siyenze qiniseka ukuthi zombili izisetshenziswa ziyahambelana. Amarutha amaningi angenantambo angasetshenziswa njengendawo yokufinyelela engenantambo noma i-extender yebanga, nokho, akuwona wonke angasetshenziswa ukwakha inethiwekhi yakho ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yomzila oyinhloko. Uma ungabaza, kuhlale kuhle ukuthi ubheke imanuwali yomzila noma uthintane newebhusayithi yomkhiqizi.

Uma kukhona ukuhambisana, izinyathelo okufanele uzilandele zimi kanje:

Uxhumano lwerutha eyinhloko

Ukwenza ukusetha kokuqala kumzila oyinhloko, sidinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ixhunywe kwimodemu ngentambo ye-Ethernet. Futhi sizodinga enye intambo ye-Ethernet ukuze sixhume kukhompuyutha. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthenge i-adaptha ye-Ethernet eya ku-USB ukuze wenze lolu xhumo olunezintambo.

Ngena ngemvume kumzila oyinhloko

Irutha eyinhloko iyona ezolawula uxhumano lwe-inthanethi ngemodemu. Ukuze ungene ngemvume kufanele ufinyelele kuyo ngokufaka ikheli le-IP lerutha kubha ye-URL yesiphequluli sakho sewebhu bese ungena ngemvume.

Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, i izifakazelo ngokungena ngemvume (uma singakawashintshi) asekhadini abhajwe ngemuva kwedivayisi. Ukumiswa kwerutha ngayinye kungahluka kuye ngomkhiqizi kanye nemodeli.

Ukungena Ngerutha Yesibili

I-router yesibili ixhunywe kwikhompyutha ngekhebula le-Ethernet (asikho isidingo sokuxhuma i-router kumodemu kulesi sinyathelo). Ukungena sivula ikhasi lokucushwa, lapho sizobheka khona "Imodi yenethiwekhi" "kuhlobo lokuxhuma" noma "Imodi engenantambo".

Okulandelayo sidinga ukukhetha ifayela "imodi yebhuloho" (kwamanye amamodeli ibizwa ngokuthi “Imodi Yokuphinda”).

Ukucushwa Kwe-IP Yomzila Wesibili

Ikheli lasesizindeni se-inthanethi le-router yesibili kufanele lilungiswe ukuze libe njalo ngaphakathi kwebanga le-DHCP lerutha eyinhloko. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi imaski ye-subnet ifana neyerutha eyinhloko.

Kunconywa ukuthi unikeze igama eliyingqayizivele kumzila wesibili, ukugwema ukudideka. Kusebenza kakhulu futhi ukusebenzisa igama-mfihlo elifanayo inqobo nje uma liqine ngokwanele ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe. Futhi yilokho.